Chapter 1The impact of sustainable tourism development
1.1. PreambleStrategy for Sustainable Tourism Development in the Republic of Moldova (hereinafter - Strategy) aims to create a suitable base for the development of domestic and international tourism in the Republic of Moldova in an integrated, balanced and sustainable, so as to bring benefits to cultural and socioeconomic considerable country and its communities.The strategy was developed by the Department of Tourism Development, with the assistance of the project "Sustainable Tourism Development", UNDP Moldova in accordance with Law No. tourism. 798- XIV of 11 February 2000 and the Concept of development of tourism in Moldova until 2005, approved by Government Decision no. 912 of October 8, 1997.
1.2. IntroductionTourism is an important sector of the global economy and has a continuous increasing trend internationally.The tourism industry encompasses a wide range of public and private companies, generating economic and social benefits of new jobs for different categories of employees, providing employment opportunities particularly for women.Moldova must effectively promote as a tourist destination in the international tourism markets.The tourism industry is highly fragmented, consisting of various small and large, both public sector and private cit. Performance of them require coordination, investment, training and marketing which determine the coordination between the government, local public authorities, commercial businesses and communities.Tourism is an economic activity that have an impact on most social sectors. This moment is to be aware of the institutions concerned and of the entire population. It became imminent that demonstrate that tourism is not just some people who spend their annual holidays, but the services provided, can have a positive impact on society.The need for sustainable economic development more relevant and important elaboration and approval of a strategy whose ultimate goal is that natural and heritage tourism potential of Moldova is not adversely affected by tourism, but to be protected for the good of future generations.This strategy identifies deficiencies in Moldova's tourism offer and determine the strategic direction of removing them and the organizations responsible for achieving the desired goals.
1.3. The principles and objectives of sustainable tourismThe definition of sustainable development was formulated at the Conference of the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987. It was approved by Agenda 21 of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, and accepted by Also, the World Conference on Sustainable Tourism, which has kept the works in Lanzarote in 1995.World Tourism Organisation gave the following definition of sustainable tourism "Sustainable Tourism Development meets the needs of present tourists and the regions receiving, protecting and enhancing opportunities for the future. The management of all resources must be done in a way that would allow it to be meet the need for economic, social and aesthetic maintaining the cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems. "Tourism development should be sustainable in environmental, viable and profitable in economic and fair report of ethically and socially for the local population.At the community level, tourism is to develop tourism in the context of regional, national and international.For tourism can contribute to sustainable development of the economy, it should integrate the natural, cultural and human, to respect the delicate balance characteristic of many tourist destinations.Sustainable Tourism Development has the following aspects:- Environmental sustainability, which guarantees adequate development in terms of respecting biodiversity and biological resources;- Social and cultural sustainability, contributing to the development and protection of cultural values;- Economic sustainability, which guarantees the company's development in conditions of adequate management resources while producing economic effects both for the present and for the future.Making this strategy is possible, while respecting the following principles:- Planning, development and operation of tourism at the local level, as part of the sustainable tourism strategy at the national level;- Participation of various public authorities, the private sector, environmental associations and the population in the planning of tourism;- Planning and management of sustainable tourism, taking into account natural and human environment protection in reception areas;- Equitable distribution of benefits and expenses between tourism promoters and the population in reception areas;- Informing, educating, encouraging and attracting local people in tourism planning process;- Prior assessment of plans and the potential impacts of tourism in the project development;- Participation of local people in the development of collaborative programs in order to optimize the tourist activity.Sustainable tourism can be defined as a type-oriented economic development model:- Improving the quality of life in handsets;- Provision of first class services to visitors;- Maintenance of environmental quality both for visitors and for the receiving community.Sustainable tourism:- Promote understanding and awareness of the effects they may generate tourism on the natural, cultural and human;- Ensure a fair distribution of benefits and costs;- Demonstrate the importance of natural and cultural resources for economic and social welfare of the community and contribute to the preservation of this resource;- Supervises, evaluates and manages its own effects, thus forcing those responsible for the environment.These principles will be respected in all aspects of tourism development in Moldova, being an integral part of this strategy.
1.4. The importance of tourism for the world economyWorld tourism is traditionally exploited by international tourist arrivals and receipts from international tourism. This indicator shows continuous growth trend in the global tourism industry.Traditionally, international tourism expansion started with the 60s of XX century, when global tourism phenomenon exploded with a number of international tourist arrivals of more than 50 million, and after the 60s - 70s features mass tourism on plan World growth rate in international tourism have spectacular dimensions (Figure 1.4.1).
Chart 1.4.1 - Evolution of international tourist arrivals in international tourism (mil. Arrivals)Source: WTO.
In the last 40 years of the twentieth century the number of visitors in international tourism has increased almost 14 times, reaching in 2002 a record 715 million arrivals.Average annual increase in the number of international tourist arrivals by 4.3%, noted after 1990 until 2000 reflect international tourism viability and resistance against economic fluctuations (Figure 1.4.2).
Chart 1.4.2 - Evolution of the annual growth rate of international tourist arrivals (in% yoy)Source: WTO.
Sorry, the tragic events of 11 September 2001 in the US have had negative effects on international tourist traffic in all regions of the globe. In 2001, international tourist arrivals reached 692 million, compared with 697 million in 2000 (-0.6%).International tourism is an integral part of the process of international specialization, along with other services and production of goods and international tourist traffic is based on international specialization in tourism and evolves following the emphasis of this specialization and expansion. In recent decades tourism has become one of the largest and most dynamic global industry. According to estimates of the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), tourism in 2001 have recovered 10.7% of world GDP, and in the next decade, as expected, the share of tourism will increase to 11%.In the European Union these figures are 12.2% and respectively 12.9% for the same period (figures express direct and indirect impact of tourism).Tourism is among the top five global export 80% of the world's countries, especially in Europe, Middle East and USA. The share of tourism in world exports of goods and services is 12.8%, while the share of tourism in European exports - 13.6% (data for 2001).Tourism is an area generating new jobs. According to WTTC, in world tourism in 2001 were employed 8.2% of all employees, which represents one person in every 12 people employed. Forecasts for 2011 show that the number of employees in tourism will be 9.0% of the total number of employees worldwide. In the European Union the percentage of those employed in tourism in 2001 is higher than the world, constituting 12.3% of the total, and 1 person in every eight people employed. For 2011 it is supposed to increase this indicator to 14%. The contribution of tourism to the use of labor and the creation of new jobs denote social-economic importance of the sector.Increased capital investments in tourism speaks also about the economic importance of this area worldwide. Thus, in 2001 the share of tourism in the world's total investments amounted to 9% and in the EU - 10%.Of the total world tourist arrivals represent 60% of holiday trips and 30% - business trips.According to UNWTO forecasts, the evolution of international tourism will continue growing in. The average annual growth of international tourist arrivals will be 4.2% until 2010 and 4.5% in the period 2010-2020.The above data also demonstrates, economic and social importance of tourism worldwide. The bottom line is: we can not ignore this powerful and dynamic area of the world economy and we can not remain outside the global tourism development.
1.5. Evolution of tourism in Moldova
Currently the contribution of tourism to the national economy is relatively insignificant. The quality of accommodation capacity and decreased income from tourist places Moldova among the countries in which tourism is underdeveloped.In the last 10 years, the evolution of tourist traffic in the Republic of Moldova shows a tendency relative reduction in the number of visitors as a result of the negative effects of the economic and social sphere of the country (Figure 1.5.1).
Chart 1.5.1 - Evolution of tourist traffic in the Republic of Moldova in the framework of organized tourism (thousand visitors)
Despite the fact that the total number of visitors dropped from 140,400 in the year 1993-115900 in 2002, is still an upward trend seen in this indicator since the year 1999. The number of tourists year 2002 has increased by 55,500 compared with 1998.Evolution of tourist traffic in the international tourism held the same tendency. In the period 1995 - 2002 both arrivals and departures how visitors has been declining (Chart 1.5.2).
Chart 1.5.2 - Evolution of international tourism held in Moldova (thousand visitors)Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
The data in chart 1.5.2 reveal declining trend in the number of foreign visitors in Moldova, from 104,100 visitors in the year 1995-71800 in 2002 and report arrivals and departures of visitors confirms that Moldova has consistently as issuing country in international tourism.Note, however, tend to increase the number of visitors in the domestic tourism during the years 1995 - 2002 (Figure 1.5.3).
Chart 1.5.3 - Evolution of the number of visitors registered in the Republic of Moldova organized tourism, including tourism (thousand visitors)
The number of visitors in the organized domestic tourism has increased from 16,400 in the year 1995-44100 in 2002, while the share in total number of visitors increased from 13.6% in 1995 to 38.1 % in 2002. This trend reflects the growing population's demand for international tourism offer.Recovery of tourist activity by volume of receipts from tourism activity allow us to track the relative contribution of tourism to the national economy (Figure 1.5.4).
Chart 1.5.4 - Evolution of revenues from tourism activity of tourism license holders in Moldova in 1995-2002 (thousand)Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
Analyzing the evolution of tourism receipts in Moldova in the past 8 years, we can note a positive trend, the feature after 1998, when the total tourism receipts increased from 20.9 million to 98.6 million in 2002, although total tourism incomes in 2001 represented only 0.3% of GDP.Mentioned that no information on Moldovan visitors who travel individually. The data analyzed above only refers to trips organized by travel agencies in Moldova for local and foreign tourists.The data in Table 1.5.5 reflects the number of visitor arrivals in Moldova in different countries with which our republic has visa regime.
Table 1.5.5 - Number visas in Moldovaissued in the years 2000 - 2002
2000 2001 2001/2000 2002 2001/2002Countryin whichthey wereissued Nr. fromVisa Sharein total(%) Nr.deVisa Sharein total(%) Difference(%) No. fromVisa Sharein total(%) Difference(%)Austria 794 1.7 0.2 638 1.5 663 1.3 -0.4Belarus 2.0 1091 2.3 0.3 888 905 1.9 -0.4Belgium 2.3 1226 2.6 1024 0.3 1347 2.8 0.2Bulgaria 3.3 1499 3.2 1495 0.1 1695 3.5 0.3China 1 261 2.8 875 1.8 -1.0 304 0.4 -1.4Switzerland 255 0.5 1.0 322 0.6 284 0.7 0.2France 1 075 2.4 1 112 2.4 0 915 1.9 -0.5Germany 10.5 4533 9.6 4674 -0.9 9.4 -0.2 4502Israel 7.0 3784 8.0 3110 1.0 3375 7.1 -0.9Italy 3.1 1593 3.4 1382 0.3 1332 2.8 -0.5Poland 807 1.7 1.5 0.2 73 2.2 0.5 1037Romania 3.9 1582 3.3 1737 0.6 1486 3.0 -0.3Russia 690 1.5 0.3 326 1.2 524 0.7 -0.8Turkey 16.5 5069 10.7 7381 -5.8 9.3 -1.4 4465Ukraine 657 1.5 634 1.3 -0.2 611 1.3 0Hungary 0.4 690 1.1 533 0.7 293 1.4 0.3US 8.1 3345 7.1 3595 1.0 3403 7.1 0Uzbekistan 62 0.1 36 0.1 0 10 0.1 0Released17860 Border 37.7 5.3 32.4 20713 14456 43.1 5.4Total: 44634 100 47318 100 48 076 100 +1.6 +6.0
Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
As shown in Table 1.5.5, the number of visas in 2001 increased by 6% compared to the previous year, and in 2002 - 1.6% compared to 2001. This increase is due largely introduction visas for Central European countries. Countries concerned in fulfilling formal procedures related to accession to the European Union established the visa regime for Moldovan citizens and, consequently, Moldova introduced on the basis of parity, the same regime.Also, during the years 1999 - 2002 is a noticeable increase in passenger traffic through Airport (Table 1.5.6).
Table 1.5.6 - Evolution of the number of passengersthe International Airport "Chisinau" in the years 1998 - 2002
Year Passengers transported (thousands) rate comparedyearpreviousEmbark landed Total1998 132904 133003 265907 -6.01999 116457 116812 233269 -12.32000 126249 128034 254283 9.02001 133257 140518 273775 7.72002 144290 150325 294615 7.6
Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
The data in Table 1.5.6 demonstrates the increasing number of visitors in international tourism. The changes that have occurred in the airport route, divided the countries are even more significant: in 1998 there were 15 routes in CIS countries, which fell to 10 in 2000. In 1998 the share of passenger traffic on routes CIS in total traffic through the airport was 44%, while in 2001 the number of passengers decreased by approximately 2 times compared to 1998 and represented 23% of total traffic. This decrease was offset by a large increase in passenger traffic to / from the West.One reason for the reduction in the number of visitors to Moldova was generated by cyclical changes in tourism markets and lack of investment in tourism infrastructure of the country. Marketing was also neglected, Moldova and thus not effectively promote international tourism markets.In 2002 the number of visitors increased due to the modernization of Chisinau International Airport Reception capacity growth, the number of routes and airlines.
1.1. PreambleStrategy for Sustainable Tourism Development in the Republic of Moldova (hereinafter - Strategy) aims to create a suitable base for the development of domestic and international tourism in the Republic of Moldova in an integrated, balanced and sustainable, so as to bring benefits to cultural and socioeconomic considerable country and its communities.The strategy was developed by the Department of Tourism Development, with the assistance of the project "Sustainable Tourism Development", UNDP Moldova in accordance with Law No. tourism. 798- XIV of 11 February 2000 and the Concept of development of tourism in Moldova until 2005, approved by Government Decision no. 912 of October 8, 1997.
1.2. IntroductionTourism is an important sector of the global economy and has a continuous increasing trend internationally.The tourism industry encompasses a wide range of public and private companies, generating economic and social benefits of new jobs for different categories of employees, providing employment opportunities particularly for women.Moldova must effectively promote as a tourist destination in the international tourism markets.The tourism industry is highly fragmented, consisting of various small and large, both public sector and private cit. Performance of them require coordination, investment, training and marketing which determine the coordination between the government, local public authorities, commercial businesses and communities.Tourism is an economic activity that have an impact on most social sectors. This moment is to be aware of the institutions concerned and of the entire population. It became imminent that demonstrate that tourism is not just some people who spend their annual holidays, but the services provided, can have a positive impact on society.The need for sustainable economic development more relevant and important elaboration and approval of a strategy whose ultimate goal is that natural and heritage tourism potential of Moldova is not adversely affected by tourism, but to be protected for the good of future generations.This strategy identifies deficiencies in Moldova's tourism offer and determine the strategic direction of removing them and the organizations responsible for achieving the desired goals.
1.3. The principles and objectives of sustainable tourismThe definition of sustainable development was formulated at the Conference of the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987. It was approved by Agenda 21 of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, and accepted by Also, the World Conference on Sustainable Tourism, which has kept the works in Lanzarote in 1995.World Tourism Organisation gave the following definition of sustainable tourism "Sustainable Tourism Development meets the needs of present tourists and the regions receiving, protecting and enhancing opportunities for the future. The management of all resources must be done in a way that would allow it to be meet the need for economic, social and aesthetic maintaining the cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems. "Tourism development should be sustainable in environmental, viable and profitable in economic and fair report of ethically and socially for the local population.At the community level, tourism is to develop tourism in the context of regional, national and international.For tourism can contribute to sustainable development of the economy, it should integrate the natural, cultural and human, to respect the delicate balance characteristic of many tourist destinations.Sustainable Tourism Development has the following aspects:- Environmental sustainability, which guarantees adequate development in terms of respecting biodiversity and biological resources;- Social and cultural sustainability, contributing to the development and protection of cultural values;- Economic sustainability, which guarantees the company's development in conditions of adequate management resources while producing economic effects both for the present and for the future.Making this strategy is possible, while respecting the following principles:- Planning, development and operation of tourism at the local level, as part of the sustainable tourism strategy at the national level;- Participation of various public authorities, the private sector, environmental associations and the population in the planning of tourism;- Planning and management of sustainable tourism, taking into account natural and human environment protection in reception areas;- Equitable distribution of benefits and expenses between tourism promoters and the population in reception areas;- Informing, educating, encouraging and attracting local people in tourism planning process;- Prior assessment of plans and the potential impacts of tourism in the project development;- Participation of local people in the development of collaborative programs in order to optimize the tourist activity.Sustainable tourism can be defined as a type-oriented economic development model:- Improving the quality of life in handsets;- Provision of first class services to visitors;- Maintenance of environmental quality both for visitors and for the receiving community.Sustainable tourism:- Promote understanding and awareness of the effects they may generate tourism on the natural, cultural and human;- Ensure a fair distribution of benefits and costs;- Demonstrate the importance of natural and cultural resources for economic and social welfare of the community and contribute to the preservation of this resource;- Supervises, evaluates and manages its own effects, thus forcing those responsible for the environment.These principles will be respected in all aspects of tourism development in Moldova, being an integral part of this strategy.
1.4. The importance of tourism for the world economyWorld tourism is traditionally exploited by international tourist arrivals and receipts from international tourism. This indicator shows continuous growth trend in the global tourism industry.Traditionally, international tourism expansion started with the 60s of XX century, when global tourism phenomenon exploded with a number of international tourist arrivals of more than 50 million, and after the 60s - 70s features mass tourism on plan World growth rate in international tourism have spectacular dimensions (Figure 1.4.1).
Chart 1.4.1 - Evolution of international tourist arrivals in international tourism (mil. Arrivals)Source: WTO.
In the last 40 years of the twentieth century the number of visitors in international tourism has increased almost 14 times, reaching in 2002 a record 715 million arrivals.Average annual increase in the number of international tourist arrivals by 4.3%, noted after 1990 until 2000 reflect international tourism viability and resistance against economic fluctuations (Figure 1.4.2).
Chart 1.4.2 - Evolution of the annual growth rate of international tourist arrivals (in% yoy)Source: WTO.
Sorry, the tragic events of 11 September 2001 in the US have had negative effects on international tourist traffic in all regions of the globe. In 2001, international tourist arrivals reached 692 million, compared with 697 million in 2000 (-0.6%).International tourism is an integral part of the process of international specialization, along with other services and production of goods and international tourist traffic is based on international specialization in tourism and evolves following the emphasis of this specialization and expansion. In recent decades tourism has become one of the largest and most dynamic global industry. According to estimates of the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), tourism in 2001 have recovered 10.7% of world GDP, and in the next decade, as expected, the share of tourism will increase to 11%.In the European Union these figures are 12.2% and respectively 12.9% for the same period (figures express direct and indirect impact of tourism).Tourism is among the top five global export 80% of the world's countries, especially in Europe, Middle East and USA. The share of tourism in world exports of goods and services is 12.8%, while the share of tourism in European exports - 13.6% (data for 2001).Tourism is an area generating new jobs. According to WTTC, in world tourism in 2001 were employed 8.2% of all employees, which represents one person in every 12 people employed. Forecasts for 2011 show that the number of employees in tourism will be 9.0% of the total number of employees worldwide. In the European Union the percentage of those employed in tourism in 2001 is higher than the world, constituting 12.3% of the total, and 1 person in every eight people employed. For 2011 it is supposed to increase this indicator to 14%. The contribution of tourism to the use of labor and the creation of new jobs denote social-economic importance of the sector.Increased capital investments in tourism speaks also about the economic importance of this area worldwide. Thus, in 2001 the share of tourism in the world's total investments amounted to 9% and in the EU - 10%.Of the total world tourist arrivals represent 60% of holiday trips and 30% - business trips.According to UNWTO forecasts, the evolution of international tourism will continue growing in. The average annual growth of international tourist arrivals will be 4.2% until 2010 and 4.5% in the period 2010-2020.The above data also demonstrates, economic and social importance of tourism worldwide. The bottom line is: we can not ignore this powerful and dynamic area of the world economy and we can not remain outside the global tourism development.
1.5. Evolution of tourism in Moldova
Currently the contribution of tourism to the national economy is relatively insignificant. The quality of accommodation capacity and decreased income from tourist places Moldova among the countries in which tourism is underdeveloped.In the last 10 years, the evolution of tourist traffic in the Republic of Moldova shows a tendency relative reduction in the number of visitors as a result of the negative effects of the economic and social sphere of the country (Figure 1.5.1).
Chart 1.5.1 - Evolution of tourist traffic in the Republic of Moldova in the framework of organized tourism (thousand visitors)
Despite the fact that the total number of visitors dropped from 140,400 in the year 1993-115900 in 2002, is still an upward trend seen in this indicator since the year 1999. The number of tourists year 2002 has increased by 55,500 compared with 1998.Evolution of tourist traffic in the international tourism held the same tendency. In the period 1995 - 2002 both arrivals and departures how visitors has been declining (Chart 1.5.2).
Chart 1.5.2 - Evolution of international tourism held in Moldova (thousand visitors)Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
The data in chart 1.5.2 reveal declining trend in the number of foreign visitors in Moldova, from 104,100 visitors in the year 1995-71800 in 2002 and report arrivals and departures of visitors confirms that Moldova has consistently as issuing country in international tourism.Note, however, tend to increase the number of visitors in the domestic tourism during the years 1995 - 2002 (Figure 1.5.3).
Chart 1.5.3 - Evolution of the number of visitors registered in the Republic of Moldova organized tourism, including tourism (thousand visitors)
The number of visitors in the organized domestic tourism has increased from 16,400 in the year 1995-44100 in 2002, while the share in total number of visitors increased from 13.6% in 1995 to 38.1 % in 2002. This trend reflects the growing population's demand for international tourism offer.Recovery of tourist activity by volume of receipts from tourism activity allow us to track the relative contribution of tourism to the national economy (Figure 1.5.4).
Chart 1.5.4 - Evolution of revenues from tourism activity of tourism license holders in Moldova in 1995-2002 (thousand)Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
Analyzing the evolution of tourism receipts in Moldova in the past 8 years, we can note a positive trend, the feature after 1998, when the total tourism receipts increased from 20.9 million to 98.6 million in 2002, although total tourism incomes in 2001 represented only 0.3% of GDP.Mentioned that no information on Moldovan visitors who travel individually. The data analyzed above only refers to trips organized by travel agencies in Moldova for local and foreign tourists.The data in Table 1.5.5 reflects the number of visitor arrivals in Moldova in different countries with which our republic has visa regime.
Table 1.5.5 - Number visas in Moldovaissued in the years 2000 - 2002
2000 2001 2001/2000 2002 2001/2002Countryin whichthey wereissued Nr. fromVisa Sharein total(%) Nr.deVisa Sharein total(%) Difference(%) No. fromVisa Sharein total(%) Difference(%)Austria 794 1.7 0.2 638 1.5 663 1.3 -0.4Belarus 2.0 1091 2.3 0.3 888 905 1.9 -0.4Belgium 2.3 1226 2.6 1024 0.3 1347 2.8 0.2Bulgaria 3.3 1499 3.2 1495 0.1 1695 3.5 0.3China 1 261 2.8 875 1.8 -1.0 304 0.4 -1.4Switzerland 255 0.5 1.0 322 0.6 284 0.7 0.2France 1 075 2.4 1 112 2.4 0 915 1.9 -0.5Germany 10.5 4533 9.6 4674 -0.9 9.4 -0.2 4502Israel 7.0 3784 8.0 3110 1.0 3375 7.1 -0.9Italy 3.1 1593 3.4 1382 0.3 1332 2.8 -0.5Poland 807 1.7 1.5 0.2 73 2.2 0.5 1037Romania 3.9 1582 3.3 1737 0.6 1486 3.0 -0.3Russia 690 1.5 0.3 326 1.2 524 0.7 -0.8Turkey 16.5 5069 10.7 7381 -5.8 9.3 -1.4 4465Ukraine 657 1.5 634 1.3 -0.2 611 1.3 0Hungary 0.4 690 1.1 533 0.7 293 1.4 0.3US 8.1 3345 7.1 3595 1.0 3403 7.1 0Uzbekistan 62 0.1 36 0.1 0 10 0.1 0Released17860 Border 37.7 5.3 32.4 20713 14456 43.1 5.4Total: 44634 100 47318 100 48 076 100 +1.6 +6.0
Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
As shown in Table 1.5.5, the number of visas in 2001 increased by 6% compared to the previous year, and in 2002 - 1.6% compared to 2001. This increase is due largely introduction visas for Central European countries. Countries concerned in fulfilling formal procedures related to accession to the European Union established the visa regime for Moldovan citizens and, consequently, Moldova introduced on the basis of parity, the same regime.Also, during the years 1999 - 2002 is a noticeable increase in passenger traffic through Airport (Table 1.5.6).
Table 1.5.6 - Evolution of the number of passengersthe International Airport "Chisinau" in the years 1998 - 2002
Year Passengers transported (thousands) rate comparedyearpreviousEmbark landed Total1998 132904 133003 265907 -6.01999 116457 116812 233269 -12.32000 126249 128034 254283 9.02001 133257 140518 273775 7.72002 144290 150325 294615 7.6
Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
The data in Table 1.5.6 demonstrates the increasing number of visitors in international tourism. The changes that have occurred in the airport route, divided the countries are even more significant: in 1998 there were 15 routes in CIS countries, which fell to 10 in 2000. In 1998 the share of passenger traffic on routes CIS in total traffic through the airport was 44%, while in 2001 the number of passengers decreased by approximately 2 times compared to 1998 and represented 23% of total traffic. This decrease was offset by a large increase in passenger traffic to / from the West.One reason for the reduction in the number of visitors to Moldova was generated by cyclical changes in tourism markets and lack of investment in tourism infrastructure of the country. Marketing was also neglected, Moldova and thus not effectively promote international tourism markets.In 2002 the number of visitors increased due to the modernization of Chisinau International Airport Reception capacity growth, the number of routes and airlines.
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