الأربعاء، 23 سبتمبر 2015
Therapeutic Tourism
3:45 م
Therapeutic Tourism
Medical tourism is one of the types of tourism, which travel in order to Owalastjmam treatment at health resorts in different parts of the world.
Types
It is divided into two sections:
Medical Tourism: Medical Tourism rely on the use of specialized clinics or medical centers or modern hospitals where medical equipment and human cadres characterized by high efficiency and spread in all countries of the world is available, but there are countries outperformed all others in this area and has become famous with this kind of tourism such as Czech Republic, Ukraine, Germany and some Arab countries such as Jordan.
Health tourism: health tourism based on the natural elements in the treatment of patients and their recovery, such as mineral water springs or sulfur lakes located in Indonesia in more than one city and the Dead Sea and Ma'in in Jordan, and the sand and sun exposure for the purpose of hospitalization of some skin diseases, rheumatism, bone disease and other launches tourism Therapeutic on each of the two former.
Some states famous places and therapeutic tourism
Jordan: Jordan is a famous areas of therapeutic and health tourism, it is natural treatment sites frequented by tourists for the treatment of the Dead Sea and pools of Ofra, and Ma'in. As well as being a destination for patients who resort to treatment in hospitals whether that agreements between Jordan and the governments of those countries (such as Yemen, Sudan, Libya and the Gulf states) or a personal order.
Lebanon: one of the advanced countries in therapeutic clinics for tuberculosis patients and their location in the mountains, including the Sanatorium Hamana, where a population of patients for long periods may overlook for more than a year.
Clinics addiction and mental illness in England "Priory Hospital", to deal with mental illness and addiction where there are patients from all over the world to spend a long treatment periods of convalescence and periods of after symmetry to heal and frequented by people of various nationalities in search of better methods of treatment and prior to this strict confidentiality that characterized by this sanatoriums.
Nursing homes and the elderly private and characterized by luxurious, distinctive and services provided by Guest in exchange for sums of money varies depending on the house category and the services provided in this role scattered widely in countries Alobeh which has become an impact, even if simple economic sector in Europe, where the spread of the phenomenon of Housing parent or with special needs between European peoples for many reasons.
Egypt: the advantage Siwa Oasis in Egypt dry climates throughout the year and hot sand that help in the treatment of joint pain and spine, as characterized by abundant eyes water flowing out of the ground. The dry weather factor in this oasis contribute to the healing of respiratory diseases, hot sand in Jebel "Dakrur" by radiation help treat rheumatism, polio, psoriasis and digestive system. [1]
The hot water use is divided into two ordinary hot water and hot sulphurous water where addresses many skin diseases and skin problems as well as respiratory therapy, but has not been used so far in Egypt although it is available in many countries are addressing a special type of clay this water European.
Yemen: possesses important elements of hospitalization for Tourism of the proliferation of natural spa baths such as mild-mannered and Sukhna.
Medical tourism is one of the types of tourism, which travel in order to Owalastjmam treatment at health resorts in different parts of the world.
Types
It is divided into two sections:
Medical Tourism: Medical Tourism rely on the use of specialized clinics or medical centers or modern hospitals where medical equipment and human cadres characterized by high efficiency and spread in all countries of the world is available, but there are countries outperformed all others in this area and has become famous with this kind of tourism such as Czech Republic, Ukraine, Germany and some Arab countries such as Jordan.
Health tourism: health tourism based on the natural elements in the treatment of patients and their recovery, such as mineral water springs or sulfur lakes located in Indonesia in more than one city and the Dead Sea and Ma'in in Jordan, and the sand and sun exposure for the purpose of hospitalization of some skin diseases, rheumatism, bone disease and other launches tourism Therapeutic on each of the two former.
Some states famous places and therapeutic tourism
Jordan: Jordan is a famous areas of therapeutic and health tourism, it is natural treatment sites frequented by tourists for the treatment of the Dead Sea and pools of Ofra, and Ma'in. As well as being a destination for patients who resort to treatment in hospitals whether that agreements between Jordan and the governments of those countries (such as Yemen, Sudan, Libya and the Gulf states) or a personal order.
Lebanon: one of the advanced countries in therapeutic clinics for tuberculosis patients and their location in the mountains, including the Sanatorium Hamana, where a population of patients for long periods may overlook for more than a year.
Clinics addiction and mental illness in England "Priory Hospital", to deal with mental illness and addiction where there are patients from all over the world to spend a long treatment periods of convalescence and periods of after symmetry to heal and frequented by people of various nationalities in search of better methods of treatment and prior to this strict confidentiality that characterized by this sanatoriums.
Nursing homes and the elderly private and characterized by luxurious, distinctive and services provided by Guest in exchange for sums of money varies depending on the house category and the services provided in this role scattered widely in countries Alobeh which has become an impact, even if simple economic sector in Europe, where the spread of the phenomenon of Housing parent or with special needs between European peoples for many reasons.
Egypt: the advantage Siwa Oasis in Egypt dry climates throughout the year and hot sand that help in the treatment of joint pain and spine, as characterized by abundant eyes water flowing out of the ground. The dry weather factor in this oasis contribute to the healing of respiratory diseases, hot sand in Jebel "Dakrur" by radiation help treat rheumatism, polio, psoriasis and digestive system. [1]
The hot water use is divided into two ordinary hot water and hot sulphurous water where addresses many skin diseases and skin problems as well as respiratory therapy, but has not been used so far in Egypt although it is available in many countries are addressing a special type of clay this water European.
Yemen: possesses important elements of hospitalization for Tourism of the proliferation of natural spa baths such as mild-mannered and Sukhna.
Religious tourism
3:41 م
Religious tourism of the oldest types of tourism, the aim of which is
to carry out religious rites as is the case when the Muslims of Haj and
Umrah or visit the shrines of saints and prophets and the righteous, as
well as recreation and expansion of the family members as stated in the
teachings of Islam.
In the Muslim part of religious tourism, it has called many Islamic figures to the need for the development of tourist programs Islamic standards. In this regard Habib Ali Jafri pointed to the dilemmas faced by the Islamic Tourism today, as the actions of peoples and governments do not proceed from in-depth studies with respect to this topic which he described Balbalg importance, calling at the same time to consolidate the link between the Islamic discourse and the reality of tourism, as Safwat Hijazi pointed out that the Islamic religion which a lot of capacity and headroom and love, so it was considered Islamic Tourism issue of importance.Religious tourism in EgyptMore cities of the world for tourism Egypt has great religious tourism, including:
Mosque of Amr ibn al-As: Amr ibn al-Aas mosque in Fustat is the old district of Egypt, the first mosque built in Egypt after the opening Amr ibn al-Aas year 20 of the Hijra year 641 AD. Built this mosque year 21 AH, corresponding to 641 AD and was once established center of government and the nucleus of the call of Islam in Egypt, and then built around the city of Fustat, which is the first Islamic capitals of Egypt, and it was the site chosen by Amr Ibn al-Aas to build this mosque at the time overlooking the Nile as he oversaw the Fortress of Babylon, which is located next to it, and because of this mosque is the first mosque built in Egypt has been known by several names, including the mosque and the old crown mosques.
Al-Azhar Mosque: Al-Azhar Mosque is the most famous mosque and a beacon of science and Islamic thought since its inception more than a thousand years until Aleom..oho the most important Islamic monuments in the city of Cairo and Egypt all when the commander gave the essence of the Sicilian writer to Egypt in 358 AH / 969 AD by the Fatimid Caliph Muizz Fatimid to open it was to him that, ending the era of Tulunid State begins the era of the Fatimid state, and if the Amr Ibn El-Aas Mosque is the first mosque built in Egypt, Islamic, the Al-Azhar Mosque is the fourth mosques that were built by the first built a mosque in Cairo. Jawhar embarked on a building of this mosque with the Fatimid palaces in Cairo to pray the Caliph and have a place to call began construction by the year 359 AH / 970 AD and built the first Friday prayers by the year 361 AH / 973 AD and knew Mosque of Cairo.
Mosque of Muhammad Ali: Castle Mountain in Cairo is more so that many believe that the Citadel of Saladin Ayoubi is the castle Mohammed Ali Pasha Mosque to fame of this out, also called the Alabaster Mosque, a rare type of marble that Casey Castle by famous landmarks.
Various sources and references said that once completed Mohamed Ali Pasha, the reform of the Citadel of Saladin Ayoubi and finished building his palaces and Dwoaineh Pan schools saw a large mosque to build a castle to perform the obligatory prayers and have its burial place. And the establishment of the mosque began in the year 1246 AH / 1830 and work continued until the death of Mohamed Ali Pasha in 1265 AH / 1848 and was buried in the cemetery prepared by himself inside the mosque. Features Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha in several architectural and artistic features made him unique, Fmizntah Hahqtin as a height of about 84 meters If we add to it the high castle built by the mosque which is about 80 meters high minarets of up to about 164 meters from the sea level, and the number of Almhkawat that exist this mosque is the 365 days of the year the number of niche observed that it is playing musical tunes in a calm state, was also marked by the phenomenon of combined voice vibrated at the apparent rise inside the house of prayer sounds. The cabin, which was buried by Mohammed Ali Pasha, it is located in the southwestern corner of the mosque which is a gilded copper compartment collected between the Arab, Turkish and Egyptian motifs adorned the marble tomb combination of Muhammad Ali Pasha.
Mosque of al-Nasir Muhammad: built this mosque for nearly 700 years and is the center of the castle and almost held the old south-east corner of the square or the spacious, which was known as the "red spacious" in the face of the door of the castle and it was matched by the great Iwan of Nazareth in the north-west corner, and remained This mosque is the mosque of the castle even set up a Muhammad Ali Pasha University in an interview. King al-Nasir Muhammad was built in the year 718 AH / 1318 AD.
Citadel of Saladin Ayoubi: Cairo Citadel known as the mountain castle one of the most important Islamic Cairo landmarks are located in the neighborhood of "Castle" has been erected on one separate from the cliffs onshore on the outskirts of the city of Cairo, it is one of the most luxurious military castles built in the Middle Ages, Vemoqaha strategic first-class offering this site from a defensive important because it controls the cities of Cairo and Fustat, as it constitutes a natural barrier between the two cities is high. Salahuddin was founded this castle on a hill from the cliffs, and the just completed his brother built in 1208 AD King, Cairo in order to insure against possible invasions.
The according to Salah al-Din completely in the choice of place of the castle, as it is high placing achieved overseeing the Cairo fully involved, so much so that the garrison was able to do two operations warships at one time, are tightening the home front and to root out of come out of obedience to the Sultan, and resist any outside attempts to take over Cairo. The fence set up by the Salah al-Din about Cairo to defend it against any external aggression, an important military installations that have completed the role of the castle in the Middle Ages, a wall which was discovered recently, after he took Salah al-Din (1171 - 1193 AD) ruled Egypt interested in Amran area outside the Fatimid Cairo Zuwayla between the door and the Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Tulun, and dividing them into several lines, including the Red Path line, which is still known by that name even today. This region leads the righteous Vanguards bin Rzyk mosque which is the last relic of the era of the Fatimids in Egypt.
Mr. Ibrahim Mosque ElDesoki: Located in Desouk, God knows and has the tomb of Sidi Ibrahim Desouki another polar Alorbh Sufism and the greatest of them. One of the ancient mosques in the Muslim world, where it meant thousands of visitors from all over Egypt and the Arab, Islamic and European countries, and is said to be ten of the largest mosques in the world and is ranked sixth in the world.
Mosque Sidi Gaber: Sidi Gaber Mosque in the neighborhood called his name is among the tram station and Port Said Street in the face of Mustafa Kamel military hospital. The mosque was initially built a small corner in the middle of the seventh century AH almost ..
This corner and stayed on until her condition was built on the ruins of a mosque at the end of the nineteenth century. In 1955 he removed the old mosque built in its place the current mosque.
Sidi Beshr Mosque: Mosque Sidi Bishr attributed to humans Sheikh Bin Al Hussein bin Mohammed bin Obeid-Allah ibn al-Hussein ibn Bishr essential.
He preached from each breed who came to Alexandria in the late fifteenth century or early sixteenth century with who came from Morocco and scholars of Andalusia in that period and became famous among the people goodness and piety and when he died in 528 AH
Imam Busayri mosque Imam Busayri mosque in Alexandria seaside neighborhood Anfoushi in mosques field area in the face of Abu Abbas marina mosque is located and takes the same architectural form almost .. It was an old mosque, a small corner even built this mosque in 1274 AH / 1858 and consists of two squares separate. The Busayri of pupils Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi, the famous Sufi poetry in praise of the love of God and the Prophet and his poems: Burda approach.
Mosque Sidi Abu Abbas Mursi: Situated in Anfoushi and the advantage of its humped minaret towering height and four domes.
It has been the tomb of Abu Abbas Mursi standing at the eastern port of Alexandria without building until the year 706 AH / 1307 Fazarah Sheikh Zinedine Qattan large traders Alexandria and built by the shrine and the Dome and established him mosque well and make him a square-shaped beacon and stopped him some money and set up his imam and preacher and served . The mosque remained so until King Fouad I ordered the establishment of a roomy field called mosques that the field has a large mosque of Abu Abbas marina and the mosque imam, Sheikh Busayri and sapphire throne.
St. Catherine's Monastery: the Monastery of St. Catherine St. is located Catherine's Monastery in South Sinai, Egypt down Mount Catherine the highest mountain in Egypt, near Mount Moses. And is said to be the oldest monastery in the world, is a place of pilgrimage tourist great, where destination tourist groups from all parts of the world, a retreat run by the monks of the Greek Orthodox Church does not speak Arabic. They are not Egyptians or Arabs and does not follow the monastery Patriarchate of Alexandria, but they are of Greek descent, Although the custody of the monastery were long periods of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Hanging Church: Located outstanding in ancient Egypt neighborhood church, in Cairo Coptic archaeological important, they are close to the Mosque of Amr ibn al-As, and the Temple of Ben Ezra Jew, and the Church of St. Mina next to the fortress of Babylon, and the Church of Martyr Mercurius (Abu Seven), and many other churches . Bamuallqh named because it was built on the two towers of the old towers of the Roman fortress of Babylon Fortress, the one that had been built by Emperor Trajan in the second century AD, and is considered outstanding is the oldest churches that still remain in Egypt
In the Muslim part of religious tourism, it has called many Islamic figures to the need for the development of tourist programs Islamic standards. In this regard Habib Ali Jafri pointed to the dilemmas faced by the Islamic Tourism today, as the actions of peoples and governments do not proceed from in-depth studies with respect to this topic which he described Balbalg importance, calling at the same time to consolidate the link between the Islamic discourse and the reality of tourism, as Safwat Hijazi pointed out that the Islamic religion which a lot of capacity and headroom and love, so it was considered Islamic Tourism issue of importance.Religious tourism in EgyptMore cities of the world for tourism Egypt has great religious tourism, including:
Mosque of Amr ibn al-As: Amr ibn al-Aas mosque in Fustat is the old district of Egypt, the first mosque built in Egypt after the opening Amr ibn al-Aas year 20 of the Hijra year 641 AD. Built this mosque year 21 AH, corresponding to 641 AD and was once established center of government and the nucleus of the call of Islam in Egypt, and then built around the city of Fustat, which is the first Islamic capitals of Egypt, and it was the site chosen by Amr Ibn al-Aas to build this mosque at the time overlooking the Nile as he oversaw the Fortress of Babylon, which is located next to it, and because of this mosque is the first mosque built in Egypt has been known by several names, including the mosque and the old crown mosques.
Al-Azhar Mosque: Al-Azhar Mosque is the most famous mosque and a beacon of science and Islamic thought since its inception more than a thousand years until Aleom..oho the most important Islamic monuments in the city of Cairo and Egypt all when the commander gave the essence of the Sicilian writer to Egypt in 358 AH / 969 AD by the Fatimid Caliph Muizz Fatimid to open it was to him that, ending the era of Tulunid State begins the era of the Fatimid state, and if the Amr Ibn El-Aas Mosque is the first mosque built in Egypt, Islamic, the Al-Azhar Mosque is the fourth mosques that were built by the first built a mosque in Cairo. Jawhar embarked on a building of this mosque with the Fatimid palaces in Cairo to pray the Caliph and have a place to call began construction by the year 359 AH / 970 AD and built the first Friday prayers by the year 361 AH / 973 AD and knew Mosque of Cairo.
Mosque of Muhammad Ali: Castle Mountain in Cairo is more so that many believe that the Citadel of Saladin Ayoubi is the castle Mohammed Ali Pasha Mosque to fame of this out, also called the Alabaster Mosque, a rare type of marble that Casey Castle by famous landmarks.
Various sources and references said that once completed Mohamed Ali Pasha, the reform of the Citadel of Saladin Ayoubi and finished building his palaces and Dwoaineh Pan schools saw a large mosque to build a castle to perform the obligatory prayers and have its burial place. And the establishment of the mosque began in the year 1246 AH / 1830 and work continued until the death of Mohamed Ali Pasha in 1265 AH / 1848 and was buried in the cemetery prepared by himself inside the mosque. Features Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha in several architectural and artistic features made him unique, Fmizntah Hahqtin as a height of about 84 meters If we add to it the high castle built by the mosque which is about 80 meters high minarets of up to about 164 meters from the sea level, and the number of Almhkawat that exist this mosque is the 365 days of the year the number of niche observed that it is playing musical tunes in a calm state, was also marked by the phenomenon of combined voice vibrated at the apparent rise inside the house of prayer sounds. The cabin, which was buried by Mohammed Ali Pasha, it is located in the southwestern corner of the mosque which is a gilded copper compartment collected between the Arab, Turkish and Egyptian motifs adorned the marble tomb combination of Muhammad Ali Pasha.
Mosque of al-Nasir Muhammad: built this mosque for nearly 700 years and is the center of the castle and almost held the old south-east corner of the square or the spacious, which was known as the "red spacious" in the face of the door of the castle and it was matched by the great Iwan of Nazareth in the north-west corner, and remained This mosque is the mosque of the castle even set up a Muhammad Ali Pasha University in an interview. King al-Nasir Muhammad was built in the year 718 AH / 1318 AD.
Citadel of Saladin Ayoubi: Cairo Citadel known as the mountain castle one of the most important Islamic Cairo landmarks are located in the neighborhood of "Castle" has been erected on one separate from the cliffs onshore on the outskirts of the city of Cairo, it is one of the most luxurious military castles built in the Middle Ages, Vemoqaha strategic first-class offering this site from a defensive important because it controls the cities of Cairo and Fustat, as it constitutes a natural barrier between the two cities is high. Salahuddin was founded this castle on a hill from the cliffs, and the just completed his brother built in 1208 AD King, Cairo in order to insure against possible invasions.
The according to Salah al-Din completely in the choice of place of the castle, as it is high placing achieved overseeing the Cairo fully involved, so much so that the garrison was able to do two operations warships at one time, are tightening the home front and to root out of come out of obedience to the Sultan, and resist any outside attempts to take over Cairo. The fence set up by the Salah al-Din about Cairo to defend it against any external aggression, an important military installations that have completed the role of the castle in the Middle Ages, a wall which was discovered recently, after he took Salah al-Din (1171 - 1193 AD) ruled Egypt interested in Amran area outside the Fatimid Cairo Zuwayla between the door and the Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Tulun, and dividing them into several lines, including the Red Path line, which is still known by that name even today. This region leads the righteous Vanguards bin Rzyk mosque which is the last relic of the era of the Fatimids in Egypt.
Mr. Ibrahim Mosque ElDesoki: Located in Desouk, God knows and has the tomb of Sidi Ibrahim Desouki another polar Alorbh Sufism and the greatest of them. One of the ancient mosques in the Muslim world, where it meant thousands of visitors from all over Egypt and the Arab, Islamic and European countries, and is said to be ten of the largest mosques in the world and is ranked sixth in the world.
Mosque Sidi Gaber: Sidi Gaber Mosque in the neighborhood called his name is among the tram station and Port Said Street in the face of Mustafa Kamel military hospital. The mosque was initially built a small corner in the middle of the seventh century AH almost ..
This corner and stayed on until her condition was built on the ruins of a mosque at the end of the nineteenth century. In 1955 he removed the old mosque built in its place the current mosque.
Sidi Beshr Mosque: Mosque Sidi Bishr attributed to humans Sheikh Bin Al Hussein bin Mohammed bin Obeid-Allah ibn al-Hussein ibn Bishr essential.
He preached from each breed who came to Alexandria in the late fifteenth century or early sixteenth century with who came from Morocco and scholars of Andalusia in that period and became famous among the people goodness and piety and when he died in 528 AH
Imam Busayri mosque Imam Busayri mosque in Alexandria seaside neighborhood Anfoushi in mosques field area in the face of Abu Abbas marina mosque is located and takes the same architectural form almost .. It was an old mosque, a small corner even built this mosque in 1274 AH / 1858 and consists of two squares separate. The Busayri of pupils Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi, the famous Sufi poetry in praise of the love of God and the Prophet and his poems: Burda approach.
Mosque Sidi Abu Abbas Mursi: Situated in Anfoushi and the advantage of its humped minaret towering height and four domes.
It has been the tomb of Abu Abbas Mursi standing at the eastern port of Alexandria without building until the year 706 AH / 1307 Fazarah Sheikh Zinedine Qattan large traders Alexandria and built by the shrine and the Dome and established him mosque well and make him a square-shaped beacon and stopped him some money and set up his imam and preacher and served . The mosque remained so until King Fouad I ordered the establishment of a roomy field called mosques that the field has a large mosque of Abu Abbas marina and the mosque imam, Sheikh Busayri and sapphire throne.
St. Catherine's Monastery: the Monastery of St. Catherine St. is located Catherine's Monastery in South Sinai, Egypt down Mount Catherine the highest mountain in Egypt, near Mount Moses. And is said to be the oldest monastery in the world, is a place of pilgrimage tourist great, where destination tourist groups from all parts of the world, a retreat run by the monks of the Greek Orthodox Church does not speak Arabic. They are not Egyptians or Arabs and does not follow the monastery Patriarchate of Alexandria, but they are of Greek descent, Although the custody of the monastery were long periods of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Hanging Church: Located outstanding in ancient Egypt neighborhood church, in Cairo Coptic archaeological important, they are close to the Mosque of Amr ibn al-As, and the Temple of Ben Ezra Jew, and the Church of St. Mina next to the fortress of Babylon, and the Church of Martyr Mercurius (Abu Seven), and many other churches . Bamuallqh named because it was built on the two towers of the old towers of the Roman fortress of Babylon Fortress, the one that had been built by Emperor Trajan in the second century AD, and is considered outstanding is the oldest churches that still remain in Egypt
الثلاثاء، 22 سبتمبر 2015
the tourism in Egypt
5:30 ص
Cairo
night "inviting some of the city that Atnam" Tourism of the most
important sources of national income in Egypt is considered, and that
the Egyptian people are used to the presence of tourists in their midst
since ancient times. Egypt
is characterized by an abundance of tourist attractions of all kinds,
because of the abundance of temples and Alotharohnak also
Algarihalfronah that have a lot of Pharaonic sayings that have been
cared for and invested tourist attraction, and tourism infrastructure,
which includes five-star hotels, tourist villages and travel agencies
and airline offices are available, and is considered a tourist
congestion In
general in Cairo, Alexandria and the Red Sea Governorate, Hurghada and
the Sinai, especially South Sinai in Sharm el-Sheikh, Dahab and Nuweiba,
where sports sport diving, which attracts tourists from around the
world and in particular from Germany and Italy a fan of this kind of
sports, where that Egypt is characterized Ali Alalhaab reefs rare in the Red Sea and the types of fish that they held festivals and
competitions fishing yacht, which comes to fishing enthusiasts of
Egyptians and foreigners.
Egypt is also one of the leading tourist countries in the world where the number of tourists visiting Egypt reached more than 9.79 million tourists in 2007 M.kma that Egypt ranked 58 globally among 124 countries in tourism competitive index. [1]Contents [hide]1 tourist attraction in the Greater Cairo area1.1 Museums2 tourist attractions in Alexandria Governorate3 and the north coast city of Matrouh Governorate and Rasheed4 tourist attractions in southern Egypt5 of tourism in the Sinai and the Red Sea6 religious tourism6.1 Islamic religious shrines6.2 Christian religious shrines7 foreign contribution to the Egyptian tourism8 of the human element in tourism Egypt9 Medical Tourism10 references11 text Headline12 External links13 Related topics
[Edit] tourist attractions in the Greater Cairo area
the Egyptian museum
Giza Pyramids
Cairo Tower
Zamalek Island
the Egyptian museumGiza PyramidsPyramid in Saqqara BadrashinCairo TowerKhan el-Khalili and Fatimid CairoAl-Azhar ParkPharaonic VillageHurrian village, where they were handmade carpets high-quality manufacturing and the famous abroad as well as traditional clothing.
Carving hieroglyphic writing in Memphis (Egypt)
Statue third Thtamos in Luxor Museum
Abu Simbel temple carved in the rock.
Luxor Temple
Edfu Temple in Aswan
Philae Island
Islamic Museum
Coptic Museum
Suhaimi home (old Cairo)
Moez Street in the bay to the religion of Allah Fatimid
Fortress of Babylon
Decorations from Cairo
[Edit] Museumsthe Egyptian museumMilitary Museum castle.Mohammed Ali PalaceWax Museum in Helwan[Edit] tourist attractions in Alexandria GovernorateAlexandria is a favorite destination for Egyptians and tourists from Arab nationalities and foreigners alike, particularly in the summer months from June to September, which is experiencing a tourism boom Alexandria great. And it also has several tourist attractions, including:
Bey CitadelAlexandria LibraryThe Roman TheatreCom excavations AlhqavpAlexandria National MuseumGreco-Roman MuseumRoyal Jewelry MuseumAlexandria Opera HouseMuseum of Fine ArtsMahmoud Said MuseumAquaculture Institute in AlexandriaBeaches in Alexandria and Al-Ajmi and Palm Beach (October 6)
Bey Citadel
Masts column
Roman theater com Dekka area
Alexandria National Museum
The statue of the Pharaoh Akhenaten (M.o.q.)
Exhibits from the Alexandria National Museum
Statue of a priest presents the gods Osiris (M.o.q.)
Gravestone (Alexandria National Museum)
Mosaic (Alexandria National Museum)
BA mural highlights the languages of the world
Celebrations near Bibliotheca Alexandrina
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
There is also the city's major commercial centers than the date of establishment cent in each:
Green PlazaCarrefourOmar EffendiGatineau(Salon Verdi) Green saloonZahran MallHannoSan Stefano Grand PlazaHacorellDeep MallShamlaFathallah MallArco
Shopping can also be from other areas such as: Manshiya, Rue sixes, Abrahamic, Cinema Street Acatih, Cleopatra, Saad Zaghloul Street, Safia Zaghloul Street, Fouad Street.
The proportion of hotels in Alexandria are lower than other cities in Egypt, such as Cairo and Sharm el-Sheikh and Luxor to reach them large numbers of tourists and foreign visitors, but there is the distinct group of hotels such as Hotel Helnan Palestine (for gardens), Sofitel, Hotel Salamlek (held this 1892 hotel m. by order of the Khedive Abbas Hilmi II features this hotel as a shrine on a hill inside the gardens which is one of the most beautiful beaches of Alexandria City). Four Seasons San Stefano (hotel count Hotel and Casino San Stefano old of the most luxurious hotels in Egypt and the city of Alexandria in particular in the first half of the twentieth century and in the fifties, where the aristocracy and the Egyptian foreign and famous art and politics of the leading Mrtade, the old hotel demolition in the nineties after bought by an Egyptian real estate company has established a misplaced my hotel and commercial complex with a large Marina particular) are also several branches of the hotels bearing the names of world. [2]
Corniche at night maritime areaAnd for restaurants and coffee shops (coffee shops) are located in Alexandria, many casinos and restaurants unique and ancient This is in addition to a large number of cafes which established the European pattern in the forties of the twentieth century and spread especially on the Corniche in Alexandria: Casino not kurta, Sea Gull (Max - the French port) , Petro (was Tawfiq al-Hakim of the pioneers attending to this cafe), Panorama Riviera, Elite (Safia Zaghloul), Vlukiqr, Zoviriun (Abu Qir), Santa Lucia, Otenius (Raml Station), Dennis, Mohamed Ahmed (a popular restaurant in the city of Fall The falafel was called "Benjamin" until the mid-sixties) ... the activity of these cafes and restaurants and increase dramatically, especially in the summer months and holidays. There are also multiple branches of a series of global fast-food restaurants and famous cafes such as Delice and Trianon.
[Edit] and the north coast city of Matrouh Governorate and Rasheed
German cemetery in Alalimtad Matrouh Governorate of the largest provinces of Egypt and includes about half of the coast of Egypt on the Mediterranean Sea, and there are to maintain a large number of tourist villages, including Marakia and enamel and Resort Marina El-Alamein, add this to a large tourist resort is being done by Emaar Properties, the UAE .. ., also is a city of Marsa Matrouh and its environs are among the favorite destinations for the Egyptians to spend the summer vacation, the city has seen in recent years, the influx of large numbers of foreign tourists, particularly Europeans on them, and contain Matrouh governorate on the white sandy beaches clean and the coast is considered one of the cleanest Mediterranean beaches at all , are also found in El Alamein graves of World War II region, which took place one of the most important battles at El Alamein area between the Allies and the Axis forces either Rashid City archaeological They are a historic city and is the third ancient city in Egypt found the Rosetta Stone that he found one of the French campaign officers and found him in a castle In the western shore of the Nile Bey Citadel. In Rashid also a large number of relics including Zaghloul Mosque and the Mosque of Abu Mandur and mill Abu Shahin bathroom Azzouz and others will be held in the current period adjustment and maintenance of a large number of effects because Rashid Rashid archaeological city will have to map the Egyptian tourism soon.
[Edit] tourist attractions in southern EgyptIn Luxor and Aswan, where Pharaonic temples on the banks of the Nile River, this is done through river cruises in the five-star floating structures.
[Edit] Tourism in Sinai and the Red SeaLEADS Sinai a lot of tourists from around the world, particularly from the European Union for recreation and enjoy the nature of the Sinai countries where the mountains hugging the Red Sea in the picturesque scenes, can also visit the Bedouin areas who are locals in their localities through safari which takes place in the desert. There in the Sinai and the Red Sea several cities and tourist resorts, the most important of Sharm el-Sheikh, Hurghada, Dahab, El Gouna, Ras Sidr, Nuweiba, Taba, Marsa Alam and also St. Catherine's Monastery and Mount Sinai city the capital of South Sinai Governorate.
Short Beach near the city on the Red Sea
Marsa Alam
Corniche Dahab in the evening
Dahab
El Gouna
Yacht in El GounaSharm el-Sheikh - Naama bay.jpgNaama Bay near Sharm el-Sheikh
Sharm El-Shaikh
[Edit] religious tourismThere are several aspects of tourism in Egypt, including the religious nature tourism, which includes a visit with connotations or religious significance sites in the three, Christianity and Islam religions Judaism example, multiple Muslim-significant places in Egypt mismatch mosque of Imam Hussein, grandson of the Prophet Mohammed bin Abdullah, peace be upon him in Cairo "where there is a tomb featuring the head", in addition to historic mosques such as Ibn Tulun Mosque and the Al-Azhar mosque and the walls of historic Cairo and Saladin Citadel, and there are religious significance Christian sites as the Church of St. Sergius, which resorted to by the Holy Family during the resort to Egypt pending the monastery and church of St. Catherine Monastery Saint Anthony, the founder of monasticism and the monastery of Saint Paul in the Red Sea as well as the Monastery of Our Lady of Muharraq Monastery Dronka in Assiut and many monasteries and churches archaeological innumerable There is also a religious connotation Jewish in Egypt, such as Mount Moses in the Sinai and the synagogue Ben Ezra in ancient Egypt in Cairo sites where there is a deep well next to the Jews believed "that the mother of Moses was in store for him for fear of the Pharaoh" and synagogue Hmaam motto "Heaven's Gate" in central Cairo synagogue and Yahoo Hnabe Street Prophet Daniel and Menasha synagogue in Alexandria.
[Edit] Islamic religious shrinesIn Egypt a lot of mosques important historical and mosques including Hakim Mosque, as well as the mosques of Al al-Bayt, including the Al-Hussein mosque (p) and Zainab (AS) as there are other historic mosques, including al-Rifai mosque in which to bury the royal family members, and the Mosque of Muhammad Ali, one of the The most important points in the tourist programs organized by companies.
Citadel in Cairo
Mohammed Ali Mosque
Mohammed Ali Mosque
Al-Hussein area in the month of Ramadan
Mursi Abul Abbas Mosque in Alexandria
Al-Hussein mosque in Cairo
Al-Azhar
Baybars mosque in Cairo
Minaret mosque ruling order of God
Clock Tower in Mohammed Ali Mosque
Mosque of Sultan Hassan dish in Cairo
Mosque of Ibn Tulun
[Edit] Christian religious shrinesThere are plenty of places of Christian history in Egypt, including outstanding and monasteries for all Christian denominations, such as the Monastery of St. Catherine in southern Sinai Church. Near him, there is Jebel Musa, who is organizing trips to rise at night until it is monitoring the sunrise over the mountain.
Hanging Church in Cairo
Hanging from the inside of the Church
Saint-Michel Cathedral in Aswan
Saint Catherine Cathedral
[Edit] foreign contribution to the Egyptian tourismA lot of tourists and travelers books and detailed evidence that you know who has not visited Egypt for shrines and how to deal with people and prices, and so on, which counts the western tourist. Therefore the most with satisfaction comes they know of any places visited.
Egypt is also one of the leading tourist countries in the world where the number of tourists visiting Egypt reached more than 9.79 million tourists in 2007 M.kma that Egypt ranked 58 globally among 124 countries in tourism competitive index. [1]Contents [hide]1 tourist attraction in the Greater Cairo area1.1 Museums2 tourist attractions in Alexandria Governorate3 and the north coast city of Matrouh Governorate and Rasheed4 tourist attractions in southern Egypt5 of tourism in the Sinai and the Red Sea6 religious tourism6.1 Islamic religious shrines6.2 Christian religious shrines7 foreign contribution to the Egyptian tourism8 of the human element in tourism Egypt9 Medical Tourism10 references11 text Headline12 External links13 Related topics
[Edit] tourist attractions in the Greater Cairo area
the Egyptian museum
Giza Pyramids
Cairo Tower
Zamalek Island
the Egyptian museumGiza PyramidsPyramid in Saqqara BadrashinCairo TowerKhan el-Khalili and Fatimid CairoAl-Azhar ParkPharaonic VillageHurrian village, where they were handmade carpets high-quality manufacturing and the famous abroad as well as traditional clothing.
Carving hieroglyphic writing in Memphis (Egypt)
Statue third Thtamos in Luxor Museum
Abu Simbel temple carved in the rock.
Luxor Temple
Edfu Temple in Aswan
Philae Island
Islamic Museum
Coptic Museum
Suhaimi home (old Cairo)
Moez Street in the bay to the religion of Allah Fatimid
Fortress of Babylon
Decorations from Cairo
[Edit] Museumsthe Egyptian museumMilitary Museum castle.Mohammed Ali PalaceWax Museum in Helwan[Edit] tourist attractions in Alexandria GovernorateAlexandria is a favorite destination for Egyptians and tourists from Arab nationalities and foreigners alike, particularly in the summer months from June to September, which is experiencing a tourism boom Alexandria great. And it also has several tourist attractions, including:
Bey CitadelAlexandria LibraryThe Roman TheatreCom excavations AlhqavpAlexandria National MuseumGreco-Roman MuseumRoyal Jewelry MuseumAlexandria Opera HouseMuseum of Fine ArtsMahmoud Said MuseumAquaculture Institute in AlexandriaBeaches in Alexandria and Al-Ajmi and Palm Beach (October 6)
Bey Citadel
Masts column
Roman theater com Dekka area
Alexandria National Museum
The statue of the Pharaoh Akhenaten (M.o.q.)
Exhibits from the Alexandria National Museum
Statue of a priest presents the gods Osiris (M.o.q.)
Gravestone (Alexandria National Museum)
Mosaic (Alexandria National Museum)
BA mural highlights the languages of the world
Celebrations near Bibliotheca Alexandrina
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
There is also the city's major commercial centers than the date of establishment cent in each:
Green PlazaCarrefourOmar EffendiGatineau(Salon Verdi) Green saloonZahran MallHannoSan Stefano Grand PlazaHacorellDeep MallShamlaFathallah MallArco
Shopping can also be from other areas such as: Manshiya, Rue sixes, Abrahamic, Cinema Street Acatih, Cleopatra, Saad Zaghloul Street, Safia Zaghloul Street, Fouad Street.
The proportion of hotels in Alexandria are lower than other cities in Egypt, such as Cairo and Sharm el-Sheikh and Luxor to reach them large numbers of tourists and foreign visitors, but there is the distinct group of hotels such as Hotel Helnan Palestine (for gardens), Sofitel, Hotel Salamlek (held this 1892 hotel m. by order of the Khedive Abbas Hilmi II features this hotel as a shrine on a hill inside the gardens which is one of the most beautiful beaches of Alexandria City). Four Seasons San Stefano (hotel count Hotel and Casino San Stefano old of the most luxurious hotels in Egypt and the city of Alexandria in particular in the first half of the twentieth century and in the fifties, where the aristocracy and the Egyptian foreign and famous art and politics of the leading Mrtade, the old hotel demolition in the nineties after bought by an Egyptian real estate company has established a misplaced my hotel and commercial complex with a large Marina particular) are also several branches of the hotels bearing the names of world. [2]
Corniche at night maritime areaAnd for restaurants and coffee shops (coffee shops) are located in Alexandria, many casinos and restaurants unique and ancient This is in addition to a large number of cafes which established the European pattern in the forties of the twentieth century and spread especially on the Corniche in Alexandria: Casino not kurta, Sea Gull (Max - the French port) , Petro (was Tawfiq al-Hakim of the pioneers attending to this cafe), Panorama Riviera, Elite (Safia Zaghloul), Vlukiqr, Zoviriun (Abu Qir), Santa Lucia, Otenius (Raml Station), Dennis, Mohamed Ahmed (a popular restaurant in the city of Fall The falafel was called "Benjamin" until the mid-sixties) ... the activity of these cafes and restaurants and increase dramatically, especially in the summer months and holidays. There are also multiple branches of a series of global fast-food restaurants and famous cafes such as Delice and Trianon.
[Edit] and the north coast city of Matrouh Governorate and Rasheed
German cemetery in Alalimtad Matrouh Governorate of the largest provinces of Egypt and includes about half of the coast of Egypt on the Mediterranean Sea, and there are to maintain a large number of tourist villages, including Marakia and enamel and Resort Marina El-Alamein, add this to a large tourist resort is being done by Emaar Properties, the UAE .. ., also is a city of Marsa Matrouh and its environs are among the favorite destinations for the Egyptians to spend the summer vacation, the city has seen in recent years, the influx of large numbers of foreign tourists, particularly Europeans on them, and contain Matrouh governorate on the white sandy beaches clean and the coast is considered one of the cleanest Mediterranean beaches at all , are also found in El Alamein graves of World War II region, which took place one of the most important battles at El Alamein area between the Allies and the Axis forces either Rashid City archaeological They are a historic city and is the third ancient city in Egypt found the Rosetta Stone that he found one of the French campaign officers and found him in a castle In the western shore of the Nile Bey Citadel. In Rashid also a large number of relics including Zaghloul Mosque and the Mosque of Abu Mandur and mill Abu Shahin bathroom Azzouz and others will be held in the current period adjustment and maintenance of a large number of effects because Rashid Rashid archaeological city will have to map the Egyptian tourism soon.
[Edit] tourist attractions in southern EgyptIn Luxor and Aswan, where Pharaonic temples on the banks of the Nile River, this is done through river cruises in the five-star floating structures.
[Edit] Tourism in Sinai and the Red SeaLEADS Sinai a lot of tourists from around the world, particularly from the European Union for recreation and enjoy the nature of the Sinai countries where the mountains hugging the Red Sea in the picturesque scenes, can also visit the Bedouin areas who are locals in their localities through safari which takes place in the desert. There in the Sinai and the Red Sea several cities and tourist resorts, the most important of Sharm el-Sheikh, Hurghada, Dahab, El Gouna, Ras Sidr, Nuweiba, Taba, Marsa Alam and also St. Catherine's Monastery and Mount Sinai city the capital of South Sinai Governorate.
Short Beach near the city on the Red Sea
Marsa Alam
Corniche Dahab in the evening
Dahab
El Gouna
Yacht in El GounaSharm el-Sheikh - Naama bay.jpgNaama Bay near Sharm el-Sheikh
Sharm El-Shaikh
[Edit] religious tourismThere are several aspects of tourism in Egypt, including the religious nature tourism, which includes a visit with connotations or religious significance sites in the three, Christianity and Islam religions Judaism example, multiple Muslim-significant places in Egypt mismatch mosque of Imam Hussein, grandson of the Prophet Mohammed bin Abdullah, peace be upon him in Cairo "where there is a tomb featuring the head", in addition to historic mosques such as Ibn Tulun Mosque and the Al-Azhar mosque and the walls of historic Cairo and Saladin Citadel, and there are religious significance Christian sites as the Church of St. Sergius, which resorted to by the Holy Family during the resort to Egypt pending the monastery and church of St. Catherine Monastery Saint Anthony, the founder of monasticism and the monastery of Saint Paul in the Red Sea as well as the Monastery of Our Lady of Muharraq Monastery Dronka in Assiut and many monasteries and churches archaeological innumerable There is also a religious connotation Jewish in Egypt, such as Mount Moses in the Sinai and the synagogue Ben Ezra in ancient Egypt in Cairo sites where there is a deep well next to the Jews believed "that the mother of Moses was in store for him for fear of the Pharaoh" and synagogue Hmaam motto "Heaven's Gate" in central Cairo synagogue and Yahoo Hnabe Street Prophet Daniel and Menasha synagogue in Alexandria.
[Edit] Islamic religious shrinesIn Egypt a lot of mosques important historical and mosques including Hakim Mosque, as well as the mosques of Al al-Bayt, including the Al-Hussein mosque (p) and Zainab (AS) as there are other historic mosques, including al-Rifai mosque in which to bury the royal family members, and the Mosque of Muhammad Ali, one of the The most important points in the tourist programs organized by companies.
Citadel in Cairo
Mohammed Ali Mosque
Mohammed Ali Mosque
Al-Hussein area in the month of Ramadan
Mursi Abul Abbas Mosque in Alexandria
Al-Hussein mosque in Cairo
Al-Azhar
Baybars mosque in Cairo
Minaret mosque ruling order of God
Clock Tower in Mohammed Ali Mosque
Mosque of Sultan Hassan dish in Cairo
Mosque of Ibn Tulun
[Edit] Christian religious shrinesThere are plenty of places of Christian history in Egypt, including outstanding and monasteries for all Christian denominations, such as the Monastery of St. Catherine in southern Sinai Church. Near him, there is Jebel Musa, who is organizing trips to rise at night until it is monitoring the sunrise over the mountain.
Hanging Church in Cairo
Hanging from the inside of the Church
Saint-Michel Cathedral in Aswan
Saint Catherine Cathedral
[Edit] foreign contribution to the Egyptian tourismA lot of tourists and travelers books and detailed evidence that you know who has not visited Egypt for shrines and how to deal with people and prices, and so on, which counts the western tourist. Therefore the most with satisfaction comes they know of any places visited.
Tourism in the world economy
5:20 ص
1.4 The importance of tourism for the world economyWorld tourism is traditionally exploited by international tourist arrivals and receipts from international tourism. This indicator shows continuous growth trend in the global tourism industry.Traditionally,
international tourism expansion began with the 60s of XX century, when
global tourism phenomenon exploded with a number of international
tourist arrivals of more than 50 million, and after the 60s - 70s
features of mass tourism on plan World growth in international tourism have spectacular dimensions (Figure 1.4.1).
Chart 1.4.1 - Evolution of international tourist arrivalswithin the international tourism (mil. arrivals)
Source: WTO
In the last 40 years of the twentieth century the number of visitors within international tourism has increased almost 14 times, reaching in 2002 a record 715 million arrivals.Average annual increase in international tourist arrivals by 4.3%, noted after 1990 until 2000 reflects the international tourism sustainability and resilience in the face of economic fluctuations (Figure 1.4.2).
Chart 1.4.2 - Evolution of the annual growth rate of arrivalsInternational tourism (in% yoy)
Source: WTO
Unfortunately, the tragic events of 11 September 2001 in the US have had negative effects on international tourist traffic in all regions of the globe. In 2001, international tourist arrivals have reached 692 million, compared with 697 million in 2000 (-0.6%).International tourism is an integral part of international specialization, along with other services and production of goods and international tourist flows is based on international specialization in tourism and evolves from deepening and extending the majors. In recent decades tourism has become one of the largest and most dynamic global industry. According to estimates by the World Tourism and Travel Council (WTTC) 2001 Tourism and recovered 10.7% of world GDP, and in the next ten years, as expected, the share of tourism will increase up to 11%.In the European Union these figures are 12.2% and 12.9% for the same period (figures expressed direct and indirect impact of tourism).Tourism is among the top five positions for 80% of global exports in developing countries, especially in Europe, Middle East and USA. The share of tourism in world exports of goods and services is 12.8%, while the share of tourism in European exports - 13.6% (data for 2001).Tourism is an area generating new jobs. According to WTTC estimates, world tourism in 2001 were employed 8.2% of all employees, which is one in every 12 people employed. Forecasts for 2011 show that the number of employees in tourism will be 9.0% of the total number of employees worldwide. In the European Union the percentage of those employed in tourism in 2001 is higher than the world, constituting 12.3% of the total, ie 1 person in every eight people employed. For 2011 it is supposed to increase this indicator to 14%. The contribution of tourism to the use of labor and the creation of new jobs shows the importance of social-economic development of the sector.Tourism Capital Investment growth also talks about the economic importance of this area worldwide. Thus, in 2001 the share of tourism in the world's total investments amounted to 9% and in the EU - 10%.Of the total world tourist arrivals represent 60% of holiday trips and 30% - business trips.According to WTO forecasts, international tourism development will be continuously growing. The average annual increase in international tourist arrivals will be 4.2% until 2010 and 4.5% in the period 2010-2020.The above data also demonstrates, economic and social importance of tourism worldwide. The bottom line is: we can not ignore this strong and dynamic area of the world economy and we can not remain on the outside world for tourism
Chart 1.4.1 - Evolution of international tourist arrivalswithin the international tourism (mil. arrivals)
Source: WTO
In the last 40 years of the twentieth century the number of visitors within international tourism has increased almost 14 times, reaching in 2002 a record 715 million arrivals.Average annual increase in international tourist arrivals by 4.3%, noted after 1990 until 2000 reflects the international tourism sustainability and resilience in the face of economic fluctuations (Figure 1.4.2).
Chart 1.4.2 - Evolution of the annual growth rate of arrivalsInternational tourism (in% yoy)
Source: WTO
Unfortunately, the tragic events of 11 September 2001 in the US have had negative effects on international tourist traffic in all regions of the globe. In 2001, international tourist arrivals have reached 692 million, compared with 697 million in 2000 (-0.6%).International tourism is an integral part of international specialization, along with other services and production of goods and international tourist flows is based on international specialization in tourism and evolves from deepening and extending the majors. In recent decades tourism has become one of the largest and most dynamic global industry. According to estimates by the World Tourism and Travel Council (WTTC) 2001 Tourism and recovered 10.7% of world GDP, and in the next ten years, as expected, the share of tourism will increase up to 11%.In the European Union these figures are 12.2% and 12.9% for the same period (figures expressed direct and indirect impact of tourism).Tourism is among the top five positions for 80% of global exports in developing countries, especially in Europe, Middle East and USA. The share of tourism in world exports of goods and services is 12.8%, while the share of tourism in European exports - 13.6% (data for 2001).Tourism is an area generating new jobs. According to WTTC estimates, world tourism in 2001 were employed 8.2% of all employees, which is one in every 12 people employed. Forecasts for 2011 show that the number of employees in tourism will be 9.0% of the total number of employees worldwide. In the European Union the percentage of those employed in tourism in 2001 is higher than the world, constituting 12.3% of the total, ie 1 person in every eight people employed. For 2011 it is supposed to increase this indicator to 14%. The contribution of tourism to the use of labor and the creation of new jobs shows the importance of social-economic development of the sector.Tourism Capital Investment growth also talks about the economic importance of this area worldwide. Thus, in 2001 the share of tourism in the world's total investments amounted to 9% and in the EU - 10%.Of the total world tourist arrivals represent 60% of holiday trips and 30% - business trips.According to WTO forecasts, international tourism development will be continuously growing. The average annual increase in international tourist arrivals will be 4.2% until 2010 and 4.5% in the period 2010-2020.The above data also demonstrates, economic and social importance of tourism worldwide. The bottom line is: we can not ignore this strong and dynamic area of the world economy and we can not remain on the outside world for tourism
SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM
5:19 ص
Tourism is one of the priority areas for Romania through its resources
and that they train and through interconnections with other branches of
the national economy, an important factor for economic progress.
Tourism is totally dependent on the environment, it constitutes "material" of tourism. The environment is subject, industry, and tourism place of deployment. The environment is subject, industry, and tourism place of deployment. Therefore great importance is given to environmental quality as any change leading to lower its output, and sometimes even canceling its resources.
Components of the environment - landscape, forests, rivers, lakes, sea, nature monuments, air or mineral waters - the development and deployment contrbuie recreation tourism, recreation or spa treatment. The more these resources are more varied, more complex and unspoiled tourist area so the value is higher, the attractiveness of that area is higher, thereby satisfying the varied motivations of tourism.
Addiction obvious tourism quality of the environment makes it to be interested in all environmental actions. Degradation of tourism resources has implications for social and economic of the worst.
Economically, tourism resources d 20120l111u egradarea lead to the impossibility to realize travel to decreased revenue from tourism, thus constituting a loss for the economy.
In terms of socio-cultural tourism resource degradation will reduce the possibilities of restoring health and unable to meet the needs of culture and education of the people
1.1.Impactul tourism on economic activity
Romania has a very high chance of developing because it has rich and varied natural resources and their efficient antropice.Valorificarea and the national economic interest is a chance Development.
The potential of this sector is huge, but little exploited. The economic sector with the highest international competitive advantage, however modest its economic performance.
Economically tourism is a factor of economic progress with broad and positive impact on development of the entire society, acting in the direction of introducing the economic cycle (domestic and international) tourism resources, cultural and historic resources of great interest and some of the achievements Contemporary art at the installation. In terms of economic, tourism has many advantages over other areas of activity, namely: tourism value added is superior to other branches, because the import of raw materials for this area is insignificant; tourism is an energy-intensive branch: using mostly local raw materials, practically inexhaustible: let a currency transfer of human and material resources, unexplored another way; During the recovery in tourism it is advantageously comparable to other branches, because realizing that invisible export (inland) price of tourism products is no longer charged with expenses of packing, transport, insurance, customs duty; tourism is a significant part of domestic consumption entailing, directly or indirectly, significant quantities of industrial products; ensure balanced development of all areas of the country, including those considered less attractive tourist offer.
Tourism acts as a stimulating factor for the global economic system. The development of tourism is a significant increase of production obtained, contribution to the GDP is proportional to the development level of each country.
For measuring economic index of sustainable economic welfare account for expenses of "Defense" - charges that covers social and environmental costs; the natural long-term damage; the investments net; changes in income distribution; household work.
Tourism manifests as a means of diversifying the economic structure of a country, has raised specific activities, such as: industry leisure cableways, travel agencies, production crafts, printing new dimensions of some of the existing activities: agriculture, food, construction, transport, cultural services. Tourism is a superior way of recovery of all types of resources. Through tourism being effectively utilized elements such as:
A beautiful landscape,
Ø curative qualities of mineral and thermal waters,
Ø therapeutic lakes,
Ø therapeutic mud,
Ø therapeutic gases,
Ø mines,
Ø medicinal plants
Ø weathering Cure
Ø ionization and cultural events Arista,
A monumental art
Ø remains istirice,
Folk tradition.
Tourism helps to ensure a balanced monetary circulation, the consequence of the fall as tourism and international tourism.
By its nature tourism generates new jobs, with a major contribution to attracting surplus labor from other sectors and thus alleviate unemployment. In terms of quality, relationship Desk - workforce can be expressed by the following aspects: the quality of people employed in tourism and manpower structure on the steps of preparation, the ratio of those employed part-time and total time Jobs proportion seasonal fluctuation of employees and staff, costs of training.
Like any economic activity, tourism is a combination of negative and positive, where the knowledge and awareness of possible negative effects the local community and authorities components will work on dimensioning tourism activities and tourism phenomenon so that mutations of any kind, can be positive and favorable.
1.2. Tourism and social life
Tourism and social life is manifested by the influence that tourism has on the traditional lifestyle of the inhabitants of an area, the spiritual and broadening their professional horizons. Harnessing the natural and cultural heritage tour of tourist areas has both a positive impact and a negative into a positive social impact is manifested by:
Ø increased chances by making social and professional jobs in tourism services and infrastructure:
Ø creating new seasonal jobs, especially for young people (pupils, students, etc.) and women
Ø ensuring social progress and development, increase public hygiene and cleanliness, general comfort in tourist towns
Ø decrease of differences between socio-professional categories from the point of view of revenues
Ø develop feelings of understanding and tolerance as intercultural changes tourists and the host population barielelor disappearance facilitates linguistic, social, racial, religious, cultural
It creates a negative impact by:
Ø pertubarea and gradual destruction of traditional lifestyle in social structures;
Acceptance by the local population of the negative influences social plan; [1]
So, tourism contributes to creating new jobs, income redistribution and poverty reduction level.
Socially, tourism ensure people's access to the treasure of civilization and beauty of the Company, facilitates the exchange of opinions, ideas, thoughts, contributing equally to the intellectual formation of individuals and understanding between peoples in tourism key is communication, realizadu thus unavoidable personal relationships between very different people and horses very variate.Turismul choose a destination to the monotony, to change the environment and realized the extent of contrasts between different socioeconomic backgrounds.
1.3. Sustainable Tourism Development
Sustainable development in tourism occurred in the early 1990s, thus taking birth sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism dissociate themselves from mass tourism is a form of alternative tourism, but which is based on the following principles:
Minimizing the impact of tourist activity on the natural environment in order to achieve ecological sustainability. Minimizing the negative impact of tourist activity on the local community and its members in order to achieve social sustainability
Minimizing negative impacts of tourism activities on culture, traditions and customs of the local community in order to achieve cultural sustainability.
Sustainable tourism is a positive approach intended to reduce tensions and frictions created by the complexity of interactions between the tourist industry, tourists, the natural environment and local communities as tourists gas.
"Sustainable development is the way to ensure an increase in welfare of the present generation without affecting the welfare of future generations" (Pearce, W arford-1993). United Nations Conference on Environment and Development on 13-14 June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, with the participation of 115 countries of the world leaders tried to put the acort economic development requirements ensuring protection of the environment, which in the opinion of participants It will be a sustainable development program.
It is vital to know that civil society and especially to realize even more acute problems related to the progressive development of the environment in which it operates and impricatiile human society throughout its existence and try to find new solutions viable.
Sustainable development aims to avoid medium and long-term economic imbalances or ecological production, because both reserves and how the planet's natural resources are limited, as is the power of absorption of all Waste results. Conceptual sustainable development, defined as a process of transformation in which the exploitation of resources, direction of investments, the orientation techniques and changes, Institutional desfatoara harmoniously "is the selection criterion of economic policies and structural adjustment in general and environmental policy in particular .
Conceptual sustainable development performance involves three levels:
Ø economic - increasing the exploitation and utilization of resources
Ø environmental concerns - recycling, avoiding environmental degradation, reduce theft aside;
Ø social - increasing the number of jobs, tourism practice, as measures of physical and mental regeneration. The difficulty accepting the concept of sustainable development in the Romanian tourism is not in substantive matters but inprecizarea operational elements adapted to the current transition period necessity of implementing sustainable development requires the present emphasis on increasing knowledge across the concept of clean production and spreading all around the world .
In order to achieve sustainable development it is necessary to achieve the following objectives:
An increase in the intensity of goods and services:
Ø reduce material consumption and energy per unit of product:
Elimination of toxic pollutants;
Ø increase reciclbilitatii;
Maximize use resources sustainably renewed.
Strategy of sustainable tourism requires:
I respect and care for the lifestyle of human habitats;
Ø increase in living human habitats, conservation of ecosystem bio-Earth of their biodiversity;
Ø reduce the exploitation of exhaustible resources and the preservation of Earth's carrying capacity;
A change individual attitudes in favor of sustainable development;
An ability to keep communities propyl Ambient pararlel to achieving national framework for integrating development and conservation.
"Fitting and recovery through nature tourism and cultural values, indiscriminate and randomly in time and space can produce defavorabie effects on all components of the environment." [2]
Tourism generated negative effects:
Loss or damage of cultural identity
Tourism contributes to loss or damage due to local cultural identity and values, devaluation, standardization, loss of authenticity, customs and cultural traditions adapting to the demands of tourists.
Tourism demand for souvenirs, artifacts and other goods, as well as festivals, customs, habits strongly influence the local population, there have been changes of mentality and moral values under the influence of tourists, they are keeping the taste for tourists
Objects and sacred sites perceived as goods for sale are no longer met Conformity value it represents.
To satisfy the desire of tourists to meet facility familiar tourist destinations likely to be standardized.
"Sustainable development is a concept which is expected to solve all the problems of contemporary society, namely: poverty, degrdarea environment, loss of confidence in institutions, expanding uncontrolled urbanization, insecurity on a job, the alienation of youth, removing traditional values, inflation unemployment and other economic and financial crisis or geopolitical. "[3] Sustainability in tourism is the greater importance, since this sector depends largely on tourist attractions and activities that are related to the natural and historical and cultural heritage of a tourist destination.
Most tourists want to visit areas attractive, functional, clean and unpolluted environment quality is therefore an essential condition to be maintained and improved.
Is based on the principle of sustainable development [4]
Ø establish environmental limits, standards and norms of consumption, reducing consumption unjustified;
Ø redistribution of economic activity and the reallocation of resources, essential needs of life, and at the same time economic growth;
Ø maintaining an optimum population, population growth is consistent with potentialulu exploitable ecosystems;
Basic resource conservation and natural values that support keeping the gene pool of flora and fauna;
Ø legal access to resources, increasing technological effort and rational use of them;
Ø setting a minimum rate of resource exploitation and consumption of so-called "inexhaustible"
Ø Community supervision, the role of local community decision-making on local development;
Ø Ensure all management resources to focus on quality
From the perspectives of sustainable development, land can be defined as an intervention that aims to put in user human needs, both individual and social resources and potential of the natural environment built on the one hand, and the technological and financial resources on a part, in terms of protecting and conserving the existing heritage. Tourism development should be planned so that the local population of tourist destinations to benefit from any socio-economic benefits created by tourism.
Sustainable tourism should be based on the principles of tourist activity should start means propyl local community and it must maintain control over tourism development [5]
Ø tourism must offer jobs to residents that will improve the quality of life of local cornunitatilor and must strike a balance between existing economic activities in the tourism and business;
Ø have established a code of practice for tourism at all levels: nnational, regional and local levels based on international standards already accepted: can be set guidelines for tour operators, monitor the impact of various tourism activities as chassis acceptability limits for different areas;
Ø Education and training programs must be made to improve management in the field of protection of cultural and natural resources practice requires a modernization of tourism infrastructure, rural sustainable urban development, the use of non-conventional forms of energy, less polluting techniques.
Spa tourism covers the following concepts: [6]
· Termalism, these hot mineral waters therapeutic use, for tourists who intr0 a spa resort;
· Balneotherapy, therapeutic baths for making use of these treatments;
· Balneoclimaterapie that combines the use factotilor balneary declimat different types of action, prophylactic and curative
· Thalassotherapy, which involves using elements of Marine 9apa sea mud, algae, marine climate)
Tourism is totally dependent on the environment, it constitutes "material" of tourism. The environment is subject, industry, and tourism place of deployment. The environment is subject, industry, and tourism place of deployment. Therefore great importance is given to environmental quality as any change leading to lower its output, and sometimes even canceling its resources.
Components of the environment - landscape, forests, rivers, lakes, sea, nature monuments, air or mineral waters - the development and deployment contrbuie recreation tourism, recreation or spa treatment. The more these resources are more varied, more complex and unspoiled tourist area so the value is higher, the attractiveness of that area is higher, thereby satisfying the varied motivations of tourism.
Addiction obvious tourism quality of the environment makes it to be interested in all environmental actions. Degradation of tourism resources has implications for social and economic of the worst.
Economically, tourism resources d 20120l111u egradarea lead to the impossibility to realize travel to decreased revenue from tourism, thus constituting a loss for the economy.
In terms of socio-cultural tourism resource degradation will reduce the possibilities of restoring health and unable to meet the needs of culture and education of the people
1.1.Impactul tourism on economic activity
Romania has a very high chance of developing because it has rich and varied natural resources and their efficient antropice.Valorificarea and the national economic interest is a chance Development.
The potential of this sector is huge, but little exploited. The economic sector with the highest international competitive advantage, however modest its economic performance.
Economically tourism is a factor of economic progress with broad and positive impact on development of the entire society, acting in the direction of introducing the economic cycle (domestic and international) tourism resources, cultural and historic resources of great interest and some of the achievements Contemporary art at the installation. In terms of economic, tourism has many advantages over other areas of activity, namely: tourism value added is superior to other branches, because the import of raw materials for this area is insignificant; tourism is an energy-intensive branch: using mostly local raw materials, practically inexhaustible: let a currency transfer of human and material resources, unexplored another way; During the recovery in tourism it is advantageously comparable to other branches, because realizing that invisible export (inland) price of tourism products is no longer charged with expenses of packing, transport, insurance, customs duty; tourism is a significant part of domestic consumption entailing, directly or indirectly, significant quantities of industrial products; ensure balanced development of all areas of the country, including those considered less attractive tourist offer.
Tourism acts as a stimulating factor for the global economic system. The development of tourism is a significant increase of production obtained, contribution to the GDP is proportional to the development level of each country.
For measuring economic index of sustainable economic welfare account for expenses of "Defense" - charges that covers social and environmental costs; the natural long-term damage; the investments net; changes in income distribution; household work.
Tourism manifests as a means of diversifying the economic structure of a country, has raised specific activities, such as: industry leisure cableways, travel agencies, production crafts, printing new dimensions of some of the existing activities: agriculture, food, construction, transport, cultural services. Tourism is a superior way of recovery of all types of resources. Through tourism being effectively utilized elements such as:
A beautiful landscape,
Ø curative qualities of mineral and thermal waters,
Ø therapeutic lakes,
Ø therapeutic mud,
Ø therapeutic gases,
Ø mines,
Ø medicinal plants
Ø weathering Cure
Ø ionization and cultural events Arista,
A monumental art
Ø remains istirice,
Folk tradition.
Tourism helps to ensure a balanced monetary circulation, the consequence of the fall as tourism and international tourism.
By its nature tourism generates new jobs, with a major contribution to attracting surplus labor from other sectors and thus alleviate unemployment. In terms of quality, relationship Desk - workforce can be expressed by the following aspects: the quality of people employed in tourism and manpower structure on the steps of preparation, the ratio of those employed part-time and total time Jobs proportion seasonal fluctuation of employees and staff, costs of training.
Like any economic activity, tourism is a combination of negative and positive, where the knowledge and awareness of possible negative effects the local community and authorities components will work on dimensioning tourism activities and tourism phenomenon so that mutations of any kind, can be positive and favorable.
1.2. Tourism and social life
Tourism and social life is manifested by the influence that tourism has on the traditional lifestyle of the inhabitants of an area, the spiritual and broadening their professional horizons. Harnessing the natural and cultural heritage tour of tourist areas has both a positive impact and a negative into a positive social impact is manifested by:
Ø increased chances by making social and professional jobs in tourism services and infrastructure:
Ø creating new seasonal jobs, especially for young people (pupils, students, etc.) and women
Ø ensuring social progress and development, increase public hygiene and cleanliness, general comfort in tourist towns
Ø decrease of differences between socio-professional categories from the point of view of revenues
Ø develop feelings of understanding and tolerance as intercultural changes tourists and the host population barielelor disappearance facilitates linguistic, social, racial, religious, cultural
It creates a negative impact by:
Ø pertubarea and gradual destruction of traditional lifestyle in social structures;
Acceptance by the local population of the negative influences social plan; [1]
So, tourism contributes to creating new jobs, income redistribution and poverty reduction level.
Socially, tourism ensure people's access to the treasure of civilization and beauty of the Company, facilitates the exchange of opinions, ideas, thoughts, contributing equally to the intellectual formation of individuals and understanding between peoples in tourism key is communication, realizadu thus unavoidable personal relationships between very different people and horses very variate.Turismul choose a destination to the monotony, to change the environment and realized the extent of contrasts between different socioeconomic backgrounds.
1.3. Sustainable Tourism Development
Sustainable development in tourism occurred in the early 1990s, thus taking birth sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism dissociate themselves from mass tourism is a form of alternative tourism, but which is based on the following principles:
Minimizing the impact of tourist activity on the natural environment in order to achieve ecological sustainability. Minimizing the negative impact of tourist activity on the local community and its members in order to achieve social sustainability
Minimizing negative impacts of tourism activities on culture, traditions and customs of the local community in order to achieve cultural sustainability.
Sustainable tourism is a positive approach intended to reduce tensions and frictions created by the complexity of interactions between the tourist industry, tourists, the natural environment and local communities as tourists gas.
"Sustainable development is the way to ensure an increase in welfare of the present generation without affecting the welfare of future generations" (Pearce, W arford-1993). United Nations Conference on Environment and Development on 13-14 June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, with the participation of 115 countries of the world leaders tried to put the acort economic development requirements ensuring protection of the environment, which in the opinion of participants It will be a sustainable development program.
It is vital to know that civil society and especially to realize even more acute problems related to the progressive development of the environment in which it operates and impricatiile human society throughout its existence and try to find new solutions viable.
Sustainable development aims to avoid medium and long-term economic imbalances or ecological production, because both reserves and how the planet's natural resources are limited, as is the power of absorption of all Waste results. Conceptual sustainable development, defined as a process of transformation in which the exploitation of resources, direction of investments, the orientation techniques and changes, Institutional desfatoara harmoniously "is the selection criterion of economic policies and structural adjustment in general and environmental policy in particular .
Conceptual sustainable development performance involves three levels:
Ø economic - increasing the exploitation and utilization of resources
Ø environmental concerns - recycling, avoiding environmental degradation, reduce theft aside;
Ø social - increasing the number of jobs, tourism practice, as measures of physical and mental regeneration. The difficulty accepting the concept of sustainable development in the Romanian tourism is not in substantive matters but inprecizarea operational elements adapted to the current transition period necessity of implementing sustainable development requires the present emphasis on increasing knowledge across the concept of clean production and spreading all around the world .
In order to achieve sustainable development it is necessary to achieve the following objectives:
An increase in the intensity of goods and services:
Ø reduce material consumption and energy per unit of product:
Elimination of toxic pollutants;
Ø increase reciclbilitatii;
Maximize use resources sustainably renewed.
Strategy of sustainable tourism requires:
I respect and care for the lifestyle of human habitats;
Ø increase in living human habitats, conservation of ecosystem bio-Earth of their biodiversity;
Ø reduce the exploitation of exhaustible resources and the preservation of Earth's carrying capacity;
A change individual attitudes in favor of sustainable development;
An ability to keep communities propyl Ambient pararlel to achieving national framework for integrating development and conservation.
"Fitting and recovery through nature tourism and cultural values, indiscriminate and randomly in time and space can produce defavorabie effects on all components of the environment." [2]
Tourism generated negative effects:
Loss or damage of cultural identity
Tourism contributes to loss or damage due to local cultural identity and values, devaluation, standardization, loss of authenticity, customs and cultural traditions adapting to the demands of tourists.
Tourism demand for souvenirs, artifacts and other goods, as well as festivals, customs, habits strongly influence the local population, there have been changes of mentality and moral values under the influence of tourists, they are keeping the taste for tourists
Objects and sacred sites perceived as goods for sale are no longer met Conformity value it represents.
To satisfy the desire of tourists to meet facility familiar tourist destinations likely to be standardized.
"Sustainable development is a concept which is expected to solve all the problems of contemporary society, namely: poverty, degrdarea environment, loss of confidence in institutions, expanding uncontrolled urbanization, insecurity on a job, the alienation of youth, removing traditional values, inflation unemployment and other economic and financial crisis or geopolitical. "[3] Sustainability in tourism is the greater importance, since this sector depends largely on tourist attractions and activities that are related to the natural and historical and cultural heritage of a tourist destination.
Most tourists want to visit areas attractive, functional, clean and unpolluted environment quality is therefore an essential condition to be maintained and improved.
Is based on the principle of sustainable development [4]
Ø establish environmental limits, standards and norms of consumption, reducing consumption unjustified;
Ø redistribution of economic activity and the reallocation of resources, essential needs of life, and at the same time economic growth;
Ø maintaining an optimum population, population growth is consistent with potentialulu exploitable ecosystems;
Basic resource conservation and natural values that support keeping the gene pool of flora and fauna;
Ø legal access to resources, increasing technological effort and rational use of them;
Ø setting a minimum rate of resource exploitation and consumption of so-called "inexhaustible"
Ø Community supervision, the role of local community decision-making on local development;
Ø Ensure all management resources to focus on quality
From the perspectives of sustainable development, land can be defined as an intervention that aims to put in user human needs, both individual and social resources and potential of the natural environment built on the one hand, and the technological and financial resources on a part, in terms of protecting and conserving the existing heritage. Tourism development should be planned so that the local population of tourist destinations to benefit from any socio-economic benefits created by tourism.
Sustainable tourism should be based on the principles of tourist activity should start means propyl local community and it must maintain control over tourism development [5]
Ø tourism must offer jobs to residents that will improve the quality of life of local cornunitatilor and must strike a balance between existing economic activities in the tourism and business;
Ø have established a code of practice for tourism at all levels: nnational, regional and local levels based on international standards already accepted: can be set guidelines for tour operators, monitor the impact of various tourism activities as chassis acceptability limits for different areas;
Ø Education and training programs must be made to improve management in the field of protection of cultural and natural resources practice requires a modernization of tourism infrastructure, rural sustainable urban development, the use of non-conventional forms of energy, less polluting techniques.
Spa tourism covers the following concepts: [6]
· Termalism, these hot mineral waters therapeutic use, for tourists who intr0 a spa resort;
· Balneotherapy, therapeutic baths for making use of these treatments;
· Balneoclimaterapie that combines the use factotilor balneary declimat different types of action, prophylactic and curative
· Thalassotherapy, which involves using elements of Marine 9apa sea mud, algae, marine climate)
Tourism
5:16 ص
Chapter 1The impact of sustainable tourism development
1.1. PreambleStrategy for Sustainable Tourism Development in the Republic of Moldova (hereinafter - Strategy) aims to create a suitable base for the development of domestic and international tourism in the Republic of Moldova in an integrated, balanced and sustainable, so as to bring benefits to cultural and socioeconomic considerable country and its communities.The strategy was developed by the Department of Tourism Development, with the assistance of the project "Sustainable Tourism Development", UNDP Moldova in accordance with Law No. tourism. 798- XIV of 11 February 2000 and the Concept of development of tourism in Moldova until 2005, approved by Government Decision no. 912 of October 8, 1997.
1.2. IntroductionTourism is an important sector of the global economy and has a continuous increasing trend internationally.The tourism industry encompasses a wide range of public and private companies, generating economic and social benefits of new jobs for different categories of employees, providing employment opportunities particularly for women.Moldova must effectively promote as a tourist destination in the international tourism markets.The tourism industry is highly fragmented, consisting of various small and large, both public sector and private cit. Performance of them require coordination, investment, training and marketing which determine the coordination between the government, local public authorities, commercial businesses and communities.Tourism is an economic activity that have an impact on most social sectors. This moment is to be aware of the institutions concerned and of the entire population. It became imminent that demonstrate that tourism is not just some people who spend their annual holidays, but the services provided, can have a positive impact on society.The need for sustainable economic development more relevant and important elaboration and approval of a strategy whose ultimate goal is that natural and heritage tourism potential of Moldova is not adversely affected by tourism, but to be protected for the good of future generations.This strategy identifies deficiencies in Moldova's tourism offer and determine the strategic direction of removing them and the organizations responsible for achieving the desired goals.
1.3. The principles and objectives of sustainable tourismThe definition of sustainable development was formulated at the Conference of the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987. It was approved by Agenda 21 of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, and accepted by Also, the World Conference on Sustainable Tourism, which has kept the works in Lanzarote in 1995.World Tourism Organisation gave the following definition of sustainable tourism "Sustainable Tourism Development meets the needs of present tourists and the regions receiving, protecting and enhancing opportunities for the future. The management of all resources must be done in a way that would allow it to be meet the need for economic, social and aesthetic maintaining the cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems. "Tourism development should be sustainable in environmental, viable and profitable in economic and fair report of ethically and socially for the local population.At the community level, tourism is to develop tourism in the context of regional, national and international.For tourism can contribute to sustainable development of the economy, it should integrate the natural, cultural and human, to respect the delicate balance characteristic of many tourist destinations.Sustainable Tourism Development has the following aspects:- Environmental sustainability, which guarantees adequate development in terms of respecting biodiversity and biological resources;- Social and cultural sustainability, contributing to the development and protection of cultural values;- Economic sustainability, which guarantees the company's development in conditions of adequate management resources while producing economic effects both for the present and for the future.Making this strategy is possible, while respecting the following principles:- Planning, development and operation of tourism at the local level, as part of the sustainable tourism strategy at the national level;- Participation of various public authorities, the private sector, environmental associations and the population in the planning of tourism;- Planning and management of sustainable tourism, taking into account natural and human environment protection in reception areas;- Equitable distribution of benefits and expenses between tourism promoters and the population in reception areas;- Informing, educating, encouraging and attracting local people in tourism planning process;- Prior assessment of plans and the potential impacts of tourism in the project development;- Participation of local people in the development of collaborative programs in order to optimize the tourist activity.Sustainable tourism can be defined as a type-oriented economic development model:- Improving the quality of life in handsets;- Provision of first class services to visitors;- Maintenance of environmental quality both for visitors and for the receiving community.Sustainable tourism:- Promote understanding and awareness of the effects they may generate tourism on the natural, cultural and human;- Ensure a fair distribution of benefits and costs;- Demonstrate the importance of natural and cultural resources for economic and social welfare of the community and contribute to the preservation of this resource;- Supervises, evaluates and manages its own effects, thus forcing those responsible for the environment.These principles will be respected in all aspects of tourism development in Moldova, being an integral part of this strategy.
1.4. The importance of tourism for the world economyWorld tourism is traditionally exploited by international tourist arrivals and receipts from international tourism. This indicator shows continuous growth trend in the global tourism industry.Traditionally, international tourism expansion started with the 60s of XX century, when global tourism phenomenon exploded with a number of international tourist arrivals of more than 50 million, and after the 60s - 70s features mass tourism on plan World growth rate in international tourism have spectacular dimensions (Figure 1.4.1).
Chart 1.4.1 - Evolution of international tourist arrivals in international tourism (mil. Arrivals)Source: WTO.
In the last 40 years of the twentieth century the number of visitors in international tourism has increased almost 14 times, reaching in 2002 a record 715 million arrivals.Average annual increase in the number of international tourist arrivals by 4.3%, noted after 1990 until 2000 reflect international tourism viability and resistance against economic fluctuations (Figure 1.4.2).
Chart 1.4.2 - Evolution of the annual growth rate of international tourist arrivals (in% yoy)Source: WTO.
Sorry, the tragic events of 11 September 2001 in the US have had negative effects on international tourist traffic in all regions of the globe. In 2001, international tourist arrivals reached 692 million, compared with 697 million in 2000 (-0.6%).International tourism is an integral part of the process of international specialization, along with other services and production of goods and international tourist traffic is based on international specialization in tourism and evolves following the emphasis of this specialization and expansion. In recent decades tourism has become one of the largest and most dynamic global industry. According to estimates of the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), tourism in 2001 have recovered 10.7% of world GDP, and in the next decade, as expected, the share of tourism will increase to 11%.In the European Union these figures are 12.2% and respectively 12.9% for the same period (figures express direct and indirect impact of tourism).Tourism is among the top five global export 80% of the world's countries, especially in Europe, Middle East and USA. The share of tourism in world exports of goods and services is 12.8%, while the share of tourism in European exports - 13.6% (data for 2001).Tourism is an area generating new jobs. According to WTTC, in world tourism in 2001 were employed 8.2% of all employees, which represents one person in every 12 people employed. Forecasts for 2011 show that the number of employees in tourism will be 9.0% of the total number of employees worldwide. In the European Union the percentage of those employed in tourism in 2001 is higher than the world, constituting 12.3% of the total, and 1 person in every eight people employed. For 2011 it is supposed to increase this indicator to 14%. The contribution of tourism to the use of labor and the creation of new jobs denote social-economic importance of the sector.Increased capital investments in tourism speaks also about the economic importance of this area worldwide. Thus, in 2001 the share of tourism in the world's total investments amounted to 9% and in the EU - 10%.Of the total world tourist arrivals represent 60% of holiday trips and 30% - business trips.According to UNWTO forecasts, the evolution of international tourism will continue growing in. The average annual growth of international tourist arrivals will be 4.2% until 2010 and 4.5% in the period 2010-2020.The above data also demonstrates, economic and social importance of tourism worldwide. The bottom line is: we can not ignore this powerful and dynamic area of the world economy and we can not remain outside the global tourism development.
1.5. Evolution of tourism in Moldova
Currently the contribution of tourism to the national economy is relatively insignificant. The quality of accommodation capacity and decreased income from tourist places Moldova among the countries in which tourism is underdeveloped.In the last 10 years, the evolution of tourist traffic in the Republic of Moldova shows a tendency relative reduction in the number of visitors as a result of the negative effects of the economic and social sphere of the country (Figure 1.5.1).
Chart 1.5.1 - Evolution of tourist traffic in the Republic of Moldova in the framework of organized tourism (thousand visitors)
Despite the fact that the total number of visitors dropped from 140,400 in the year 1993-115900 in 2002, is still an upward trend seen in this indicator since the year 1999. The number of tourists year 2002 has increased by 55,500 compared with 1998.Evolution of tourist traffic in the international tourism held the same tendency. In the period 1995 - 2002 both arrivals and departures how visitors has been declining (Chart 1.5.2).
Chart 1.5.2 - Evolution of international tourism held in Moldova (thousand visitors)Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
The data in chart 1.5.2 reveal declining trend in the number of foreign visitors in Moldova, from 104,100 visitors in the year 1995-71800 in 2002 and report arrivals and departures of visitors confirms that Moldova has consistently as issuing country in international tourism.Note, however, tend to increase the number of visitors in the domestic tourism during the years 1995 - 2002 (Figure 1.5.3).
Chart 1.5.3 - Evolution of the number of visitors registered in the Republic of Moldova organized tourism, including tourism (thousand visitors)
The number of visitors in the organized domestic tourism has increased from 16,400 in the year 1995-44100 in 2002, while the share in total number of visitors increased from 13.6% in 1995 to 38.1 % in 2002. This trend reflects the growing population's demand for international tourism offer.Recovery of tourist activity by volume of receipts from tourism activity allow us to track the relative contribution of tourism to the national economy (Figure 1.5.4).
Chart 1.5.4 - Evolution of revenues from tourism activity of tourism license holders in Moldova in 1995-2002 (thousand)Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
Analyzing the evolution of tourism receipts in Moldova in the past 8 years, we can note a positive trend, the feature after 1998, when the total tourism receipts increased from 20.9 million to 98.6 million in 2002, although total tourism incomes in 2001 represented only 0.3% of GDP.Mentioned that no information on Moldovan visitors who travel individually. The data analyzed above only refers to trips organized by travel agencies in Moldova for local and foreign tourists.The data in Table 1.5.5 reflects the number of visitor arrivals in Moldova in different countries with which our republic has visa regime.
Table 1.5.5 - Number visas in Moldovaissued in the years 2000 - 2002
2000 2001 2001/2000 2002 2001/2002Countryin whichthey wereissued Nr. fromVisa Sharein total(%) Nr.deVisa Sharein total(%) Difference(%) No. fromVisa Sharein total(%) Difference(%)Austria 794 1.7 0.2 638 1.5 663 1.3 -0.4Belarus 2.0 1091 2.3 0.3 888 905 1.9 -0.4Belgium 2.3 1226 2.6 1024 0.3 1347 2.8 0.2Bulgaria 3.3 1499 3.2 1495 0.1 1695 3.5 0.3China 1 261 2.8 875 1.8 -1.0 304 0.4 -1.4Switzerland 255 0.5 1.0 322 0.6 284 0.7 0.2France 1 075 2.4 1 112 2.4 0 915 1.9 -0.5Germany 10.5 4533 9.6 4674 -0.9 9.4 -0.2 4502Israel 7.0 3784 8.0 3110 1.0 3375 7.1 -0.9Italy 3.1 1593 3.4 1382 0.3 1332 2.8 -0.5Poland 807 1.7 1.5 0.2 73 2.2 0.5 1037Romania 3.9 1582 3.3 1737 0.6 1486 3.0 -0.3Russia 690 1.5 0.3 326 1.2 524 0.7 -0.8Turkey 16.5 5069 10.7 7381 -5.8 9.3 -1.4 4465Ukraine 657 1.5 634 1.3 -0.2 611 1.3 0Hungary 0.4 690 1.1 533 0.7 293 1.4 0.3US 8.1 3345 7.1 3595 1.0 3403 7.1 0Uzbekistan 62 0.1 36 0.1 0 10 0.1 0Released17860 Border 37.7 5.3 32.4 20713 14456 43.1 5.4Total: 44634 100 47318 100 48 076 100 +1.6 +6.0
Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
As shown in Table 1.5.5, the number of visas in 2001 increased by 6% compared to the previous year, and in 2002 - 1.6% compared to 2001. This increase is due largely introduction visas for Central European countries. Countries concerned in fulfilling formal procedures related to accession to the European Union established the visa regime for Moldovan citizens and, consequently, Moldova introduced on the basis of parity, the same regime.Also, during the years 1999 - 2002 is a noticeable increase in passenger traffic through Airport (Table 1.5.6).
Table 1.5.6 - Evolution of the number of passengersthe International Airport "Chisinau" in the years 1998 - 2002
Year Passengers transported (thousands) rate comparedyearpreviousEmbark landed Total1998 132904 133003 265907 -6.01999 116457 116812 233269 -12.32000 126249 128034 254283 9.02001 133257 140518 273775 7.72002 144290 150325 294615 7.6
Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
The data in Table 1.5.6 demonstrates the increasing number of visitors in international tourism. The changes that have occurred in the airport route, divided the countries are even more significant: in 1998 there were 15 routes in CIS countries, which fell to 10 in 2000. In 1998 the share of passenger traffic on routes CIS in total traffic through the airport was 44%, while in 2001 the number of passengers decreased by approximately 2 times compared to 1998 and represented 23% of total traffic. This decrease was offset by a large increase in passenger traffic to / from the West.One reason for the reduction in the number of visitors to Moldova was generated by cyclical changes in tourism markets and lack of investment in tourism infrastructure of the country. Marketing was also neglected, Moldova and thus not effectively promote international tourism markets.In 2002 the number of visitors increased due to the modernization of Chisinau International Airport Reception capacity growth, the number of routes and airlines.
1.1. PreambleStrategy for Sustainable Tourism Development in the Republic of Moldova (hereinafter - Strategy) aims to create a suitable base for the development of domestic and international tourism in the Republic of Moldova in an integrated, balanced and sustainable, so as to bring benefits to cultural and socioeconomic considerable country and its communities.The strategy was developed by the Department of Tourism Development, with the assistance of the project "Sustainable Tourism Development", UNDP Moldova in accordance with Law No. tourism. 798- XIV of 11 February 2000 and the Concept of development of tourism in Moldova until 2005, approved by Government Decision no. 912 of October 8, 1997.
1.2. IntroductionTourism is an important sector of the global economy and has a continuous increasing trend internationally.The tourism industry encompasses a wide range of public and private companies, generating economic and social benefits of new jobs for different categories of employees, providing employment opportunities particularly for women.Moldova must effectively promote as a tourist destination in the international tourism markets.The tourism industry is highly fragmented, consisting of various small and large, both public sector and private cit. Performance of them require coordination, investment, training and marketing which determine the coordination between the government, local public authorities, commercial businesses and communities.Tourism is an economic activity that have an impact on most social sectors. This moment is to be aware of the institutions concerned and of the entire population. It became imminent that demonstrate that tourism is not just some people who spend their annual holidays, but the services provided, can have a positive impact on society.The need for sustainable economic development more relevant and important elaboration and approval of a strategy whose ultimate goal is that natural and heritage tourism potential of Moldova is not adversely affected by tourism, but to be protected for the good of future generations.This strategy identifies deficiencies in Moldova's tourism offer and determine the strategic direction of removing them and the organizations responsible for achieving the desired goals.
1.3. The principles and objectives of sustainable tourismThe definition of sustainable development was formulated at the Conference of the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987. It was approved by Agenda 21 of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, and accepted by Also, the World Conference on Sustainable Tourism, which has kept the works in Lanzarote in 1995.World Tourism Organisation gave the following definition of sustainable tourism "Sustainable Tourism Development meets the needs of present tourists and the regions receiving, protecting and enhancing opportunities for the future. The management of all resources must be done in a way that would allow it to be meet the need for economic, social and aesthetic maintaining the cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems. "Tourism development should be sustainable in environmental, viable and profitable in economic and fair report of ethically and socially for the local population.At the community level, tourism is to develop tourism in the context of regional, national and international.For tourism can contribute to sustainable development of the economy, it should integrate the natural, cultural and human, to respect the delicate balance characteristic of many tourist destinations.Sustainable Tourism Development has the following aspects:- Environmental sustainability, which guarantees adequate development in terms of respecting biodiversity and biological resources;- Social and cultural sustainability, contributing to the development and protection of cultural values;- Economic sustainability, which guarantees the company's development in conditions of adequate management resources while producing economic effects both for the present and for the future.Making this strategy is possible, while respecting the following principles:- Planning, development and operation of tourism at the local level, as part of the sustainable tourism strategy at the national level;- Participation of various public authorities, the private sector, environmental associations and the population in the planning of tourism;- Planning and management of sustainable tourism, taking into account natural and human environment protection in reception areas;- Equitable distribution of benefits and expenses between tourism promoters and the population in reception areas;- Informing, educating, encouraging and attracting local people in tourism planning process;- Prior assessment of plans and the potential impacts of tourism in the project development;- Participation of local people in the development of collaborative programs in order to optimize the tourist activity.Sustainable tourism can be defined as a type-oriented economic development model:- Improving the quality of life in handsets;- Provision of first class services to visitors;- Maintenance of environmental quality both for visitors and for the receiving community.Sustainable tourism:- Promote understanding and awareness of the effects they may generate tourism on the natural, cultural and human;- Ensure a fair distribution of benefits and costs;- Demonstrate the importance of natural and cultural resources for economic and social welfare of the community and contribute to the preservation of this resource;- Supervises, evaluates and manages its own effects, thus forcing those responsible for the environment.These principles will be respected in all aspects of tourism development in Moldova, being an integral part of this strategy.
1.4. The importance of tourism for the world economyWorld tourism is traditionally exploited by international tourist arrivals and receipts from international tourism. This indicator shows continuous growth trend in the global tourism industry.Traditionally, international tourism expansion started with the 60s of XX century, when global tourism phenomenon exploded with a number of international tourist arrivals of more than 50 million, and after the 60s - 70s features mass tourism on plan World growth rate in international tourism have spectacular dimensions (Figure 1.4.1).
Chart 1.4.1 - Evolution of international tourist arrivals in international tourism (mil. Arrivals)Source: WTO.
In the last 40 years of the twentieth century the number of visitors in international tourism has increased almost 14 times, reaching in 2002 a record 715 million arrivals.Average annual increase in the number of international tourist arrivals by 4.3%, noted after 1990 until 2000 reflect international tourism viability and resistance against economic fluctuations (Figure 1.4.2).
Chart 1.4.2 - Evolution of the annual growth rate of international tourist arrivals (in% yoy)Source: WTO.
Sorry, the tragic events of 11 September 2001 in the US have had negative effects on international tourist traffic in all regions of the globe. In 2001, international tourist arrivals reached 692 million, compared with 697 million in 2000 (-0.6%).International tourism is an integral part of the process of international specialization, along with other services and production of goods and international tourist traffic is based on international specialization in tourism and evolves following the emphasis of this specialization and expansion. In recent decades tourism has become one of the largest and most dynamic global industry. According to estimates of the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), tourism in 2001 have recovered 10.7% of world GDP, and in the next decade, as expected, the share of tourism will increase to 11%.In the European Union these figures are 12.2% and respectively 12.9% for the same period (figures express direct and indirect impact of tourism).Tourism is among the top five global export 80% of the world's countries, especially in Europe, Middle East and USA. The share of tourism in world exports of goods and services is 12.8%, while the share of tourism in European exports - 13.6% (data for 2001).Tourism is an area generating new jobs. According to WTTC, in world tourism in 2001 were employed 8.2% of all employees, which represents one person in every 12 people employed. Forecasts for 2011 show that the number of employees in tourism will be 9.0% of the total number of employees worldwide. In the European Union the percentage of those employed in tourism in 2001 is higher than the world, constituting 12.3% of the total, and 1 person in every eight people employed. For 2011 it is supposed to increase this indicator to 14%. The contribution of tourism to the use of labor and the creation of new jobs denote social-economic importance of the sector.Increased capital investments in tourism speaks also about the economic importance of this area worldwide. Thus, in 2001 the share of tourism in the world's total investments amounted to 9% and in the EU - 10%.Of the total world tourist arrivals represent 60% of holiday trips and 30% - business trips.According to UNWTO forecasts, the evolution of international tourism will continue growing in. The average annual growth of international tourist arrivals will be 4.2% until 2010 and 4.5% in the period 2010-2020.The above data also demonstrates, economic and social importance of tourism worldwide. The bottom line is: we can not ignore this powerful and dynamic area of the world economy and we can not remain outside the global tourism development.
1.5. Evolution of tourism in Moldova
Currently the contribution of tourism to the national economy is relatively insignificant. The quality of accommodation capacity and decreased income from tourist places Moldova among the countries in which tourism is underdeveloped.In the last 10 years, the evolution of tourist traffic in the Republic of Moldova shows a tendency relative reduction in the number of visitors as a result of the negative effects of the economic and social sphere of the country (Figure 1.5.1).
Chart 1.5.1 - Evolution of tourist traffic in the Republic of Moldova in the framework of organized tourism (thousand visitors)
Despite the fact that the total number of visitors dropped from 140,400 in the year 1993-115900 in 2002, is still an upward trend seen in this indicator since the year 1999. The number of tourists year 2002 has increased by 55,500 compared with 1998.Evolution of tourist traffic in the international tourism held the same tendency. In the period 1995 - 2002 both arrivals and departures how visitors has been declining (Chart 1.5.2).
Chart 1.5.2 - Evolution of international tourism held in Moldova (thousand visitors)Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
The data in chart 1.5.2 reveal declining trend in the number of foreign visitors in Moldova, from 104,100 visitors in the year 1995-71800 in 2002 and report arrivals and departures of visitors confirms that Moldova has consistently as issuing country in international tourism.Note, however, tend to increase the number of visitors in the domestic tourism during the years 1995 - 2002 (Figure 1.5.3).
Chart 1.5.3 - Evolution of the number of visitors registered in the Republic of Moldova organized tourism, including tourism (thousand visitors)
The number of visitors in the organized domestic tourism has increased from 16,400 in the year 1995-44100 in 2002, while the share in total number of visitors increased from 13.6% in 1995 to 38.1 % in 2002. This trend reflects the growing population's demand for international tourism offer.Recovery of tourist activity by volume of receipts from tourism activity allow us to track the relative contribution of tourism to the national economy (Figure 1.5.4).
Chart 1.5.4 - Evolution of revenues from tourism activity of tourism license holders in Moldova in 1995-2002 (thousand)Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
Analyzing the evolution of tourism receipts in Moldova in the past 8 years, we can note a positive trend, the feature after 1998, when the total tourism receipts increased from 20.9 million to 98.6 million in 2002, although total tourism incomes in 2001 represented only 0.3% of GDP.Mentioned that no information on Moldovan visitors who travel individually. The data analyzed above only refers to trips organized by travel agencies in Moldova for local and foreign tourists.The data in Table 1.5.5 reflects the number of visitor arrivals in Moldova in different countries with which our republic has visa regime.
Table 1.5.5 - Number visas in Moldovaissued in the years 2000 - 2002
2000 2001 2001/2000 2002 2001/2002Countryin whichthey wereissued Nr. fromVisa Sharein total(%) Nr.deVisa Sharein total(%) Difference(%) No. fromVisa Sharein total(%) Difference(%)Austria 794 1.7 0.2 638 1.5 663 1.3 -0.4Belarus 2.0 1091 2.3 0.3 888 905 1.9 -0.4Belgium 2.3 1226 2.6 1024 0.3 1347 2.8 0.2Bulgaria 3.3 1499 3.2 1495 0.1 1695 3.5 0.3China 1 261 2.8 875 1.8 -1.0 304 0.4 -1.4Switzerland 255 0.5 1.0 322 0.6 284 0.7 0.2France 1 075 2.4 1 112 2.4 0 915 1.9 -0.5Germany 10.5 4533 9.6 4674 -0.9 9.4 -0.2 4502Israel 7.0 3784 8.0 3110 1.0 3375 7.1 -0.9Italy 3.1 1593 3.4 1382 0.3 1332 2.8 -0.5Poland 807 1.7 1.5 0.2 73 2.2 0.5 1037Romania 3.9 1582 3.3 1737 0.6 1486 3.0 -0.3Russia 690 1.5 0.3 326 1.2 524 0.7 -0.8Turkey 16.5 5069 10.7 7381 -5.8 9.3 -1.4 4465Ukraine 657 1.5 634 1.3 -0.2 611 1.3 0Hungary 0.4 690 1.1 533 0.7 293 1.4 0.3US 8.1 3345 7.1 3595 1.0 3403 7.1 0Uzbekistan 62 0.1 36 0.1 0 10 0.1 0Released17860 Border 37.7 5.3 32.4 20713 14456 43.1 5.4Total: 44634 100 47318 100 48 076 100 +1.6 +6.0
Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
As shown in Table 1.5.5, the number of visas in 2001 increased by 6% compared to the previous year, and in 2002 - 1.6% compared to 2001. This increase is due largely introduction visas for Central European countries. Countries concerned in fulfilling formal procedures related to accession to the European Union established the visa regime for Moldovan citizens and, consequently, Moldova introduced on the basis of parity, the same regime.Also, during the years 1999 - 2002 is a noticeable increase in passenger traffic through Airport (Table 1.5.6).
Table 1.5.6 - Evolution of the number of passengersthe International Airport "Chisinau" in the years 1998 - 2002
Year Passengers transported (thousands) rate comparedyearpreviousEmbark landed Total1998 132904 133003 265907 -6.01999 116457 116812 233269 -12.32000 126249 128034 254283 9.02001 133257 140518 273775 7.72002 144290 150325 294615 7.6
Source: Department of Statistics and Sociology.
The data in Table 1.5.6 demonstrates the increasing number of visitors in international tourism. The changes that have occurred in the airport route, divided the countries are even more significant: in 1998 there were 15 routes in CIS countries, which fell to 10 in 2000. In 1998 the share of passenger traffic on routes CIS in total traffic through the airport was 44%, while in 2001 the number of passengers decreased by approximately 2 times compared to 1998 and represented 23% of total traffic. This decrease was offset by a large increase in passenger traffic to / from the West.One reason for the reduction in the number of visitors to Moldova was generated by cyclical changes in tourism markets and lack of investment in tourism infrastructure of the country. Marketing was also neglected, Moldova and thus not effectively promote international tourism markets.In 2002 the number of visitors increased due to the modernization of Chisinau International Airport Reception capacity growth, the number of routes and airlines.
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